Linux中汇编程序设计讲解-红联Linux系统门户

摘要：本文主要讲述了Linux下使用汇编的利弊，以及常用汇编工具的使用和语法特点。重点讲述了NASM。

引言：汇编语言是低级语言，与硬件和操作系统紧密联系。个人电脑以前都是用DOS，现在发展成了WINDOWS 98，而另一个操作系统Linux也正在崛起。下面比较一下这三个操作系统：

DOS较稳定，速度快无法充分发挥计算机性能，没有图形界面较低。

WINDOWS 98操作简便，应用软件多,硬件兼容性好；不稳定，经常死机，速度慢高。

Linux性能优秀，非常稳定，界面美观，操作简便；缺乏软件厂商支持，应用软件少免费。

由以上的比较可知，Linux操作系统本身具有较大优势，它的普及应该只是时间问题，所以如何在Linux下开发软件是我们计算机系学生必须学习与研究的一个课题。

Linux 下的主要编程语言是C，同时Linux还支持其他许多编程语言，汇编语言作为最重要的编程语言之一，当然也包括在内。它能够完成许多其他语言所不能完成的功能。要学习Linux编程，就必须要学习Linux下的汇编程序设计。下面我就来介绍一下Linux下的汇编程序设计。

Linux汇编简介

一、汇编语言的优缺点

由于Linux是用C写的，所以C自然而然的就成为了Linux的标准编程语言。大部分人都把汇编给忽略了，甚至在因特网上找资料都是非常的困难，很多问题都需要靠自己来尝试。我认为这样对待汇编语言是不公平的，不能只看到它的缺点，当然也不能只看到它的优点，下面把它的优缺点作一个比较：

优点：汇编语言可以表达非常底层的东西

可以直接存取寄存器和I/O；

编写的代码可以非常精确的被执行；

可以编写出比一般编译系统高效的代码；

可以作为不同语言或不同标准的接口。

缺点：汇编语言是一个非常低级的语言

非常冗长单调，在DOS下编程时就可以体会到；

易出BUG，且调试困难；

代码不易维护；

兼容性不好，与硬件关系非常紧密。

总的来说，汇编语言要用在必须的地方，尽量少用汇编编写大型程序，多采用inline模式。

二、汇编语言工具

DOS 下常用的工具MASM和TASM到Linux下就用不起来了，Linux有自己的汇编工具，而且种类非常的多。其中Gas可以算是标准配置，每一种 Linux中都包括有Gas，但是GAS采用的不是我们通常在DOS下采用的汇编语法，它采用的是AT＆T的语法格式，与intel语法格式有很大的不同。

如果要采用与DOS接近的语法格式，就必须用另一种汇编工具NASM，NASM基本与MASM相同，但也有不少地方有较大区别，特别涉及到操作系统原理时，与DOS可以说是截然不同。

Linux汇编程序设计

一、Hello,world!

几乎所有的语言入门篇都是以“Hello,world!”为例，那么我也以Hello,world!为例开始。

引用:
NASM's standalone Hello-World.asm for Linux
section .text
extern puts
global main

main:
push dword msg ;stash the *** of msg on the stack.
call puts ;call the 'puts' routine (libc?)
add esp, byte 4 ;clean the stack?
ret ;exit.

msg:
db "Hello World!",0

编译：

引用:
nasm -f elf hello.asm
gcc -o hello hello.o

说明：这个程序实际上是调用了，Linux系统的puts函数，原理与调用DOS下C语言的函数相同，先用Extern声明puts是外部函数，再把参数（即msg的地址）压入堆栈，最后Call函数实现输出。

我们再来看一个程序：

引用:
section .text
global main

main:
mov eax,4 ;4号调用
mov ebx,1 ;ebx送1表示stdout
mov ecx,msg ;字符串的首地址送入ecx
mov edx,14 ;字符串的长度送入edx
int 80h ;输出字串
mov eax,1 ;1号调用
int 80h ;结束
msg:
db "Hello World!",0ah,0dh
（编译同上一个程序）

这个程序与DOS程序十分相似，它用的是linux中的80h中断，相当于DOS下的21h中断，只是因为Linux是32位操作系统，所以采用了 EAX、EBX等寄存器。但是Linux作为一个多用户的操作系统与DOS又是有着非常大的区别的。要写出有特色的程序，不了解操作系统和硬件是不行的。下面我介绍一下Linux操作系统。

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-24 17:07:25发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-24 17:07:04发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-24 17:06:49发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-23 16:15:25发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-23 16:14:42发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-23 16:14:08发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-23 16:13:53发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-23 16:13:40发表:

203.121.69.* 于 2007-07-23 15:45:09发表:

Yhanks you :
free limewire = free music download sites = free music downloads = limewire = music download free = mp3 downloads = free download music = free music to download = download free music =
http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ free country music downloads :: http://musicdownloads4free.angelfire.com/free-music.html music :: http://bridgenews.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/fmusca free country music downloads :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/free-music.html music downloads :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com free legal music downloads :: http://www.viktorschreckengost.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/bergds free mp3 downloads :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/music.html limewire music downloads :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com/music_downloads.html free ipod music downloads :: http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ free music for ipod :: http://noticeboard.calimera.org/calimera/portal_memberdata/portraits/freemusic free country music downloads :: http://nmstandards.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/vsemoe limewire music downloads ::
FREE MUSIC DOWNLOADS .. mp3 downloads .. music downloads pc .. download music free .. free music downloads .. free mp3 .. music download free ..

203.121.69.* 于 2007-07-23 15:13:35发表:

Hi! Best free mp3 music downloads site: :
free music downloads = free music ipods = music download = free mp3 music downloads = free ipod music downloads = free music download = limewire = how to download music = free mp3 music downloads =
http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ free music download :: http://musicdownloads4free.angelfire.com/free-music.html free music for ipod :: http://bridgenews.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/fmusca free mp3 music downloads :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/free-music.html free music for ipod :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com free ipod music downloads :: http://www.viktorschreckengost.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/bergds free music download sites :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/music.html free music downloads :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com/music_downloads.html classical music downloads :: http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ free mp3 music downloads :: http://noticeboard.calimera.org/calimera/portal_memberdata/portraits/freemusic free music download :: http://nmstandards.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/vsemoe free mp3 ::
classical music downloads .. free music downloads .. free mp3 music downloads .. free mp3 .. music download free .. mp3 downloads .. free music video ..

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-22 16:38:59发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-22 16:38:25发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-22 16:37:43发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-22 16:37:23发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-22 16:37:10发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-21 17:53:56发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-21 17:53:29发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-21 17:52:27发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-21 17:52:04发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-21 17:51:52发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-20 17:49:56发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-20 17:49:26发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-20 17:48:28发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-20 17:48:09发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-20 17:47:57发表:

203.121.73.* 于 2007-07-20 13:46:05发表:

Great! Best free mp3 music downloads site: :
free legal music downloads = free ipod music downloads sites = music = limewire music downloads = free download music = free music download = free music downloading = free limewire = music download =
http://bbs.geog.ucsb.edu/ubb/Forum11/HTML/000017.html free music download sites :: http://mywebpage.netscape.com/free5mp3/free-mp3.html FREE MUSIC DOWNLOADS :: http://nmstandards.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/vsemoe download free music :: http://bbs.geog.ucsb.edu/ubb/Forum11/HTML/000017.html how to download music :: http://nmstandards.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/vsemoe free music for ipod :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com/music_downloads.html how to download music :: http://www.sopadre.com/gallery/louies/music.html FREE MUSIC DOWNLOADS :: http://musicdownloads4free.angelfire.com/free-music.html free limewire :: http://musicdownloads4free.angelfire.com/free-music.html classical music downloads :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com free download music :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/free-music.html music ::
legal music downloads .. music download .. download free music .. free download music .. free limewire .. free music downloads .. music ..

203.121.73.* 于 2007-07-20 13:45:33发表:

203.121.78.* 于 2007-07-20 13:37:14发表:

Hi! Best free mp3 music downloads site: :
mp3 downloads = free download music = legal music downloads = free music downloads = music download free = download music for free = legal music downloads = free ipod music downloads sites = free mp3 downloads =
http://bbs.geog.ucsb.edu/ubb/Forum11/HTML/000017.html free ipod music downloads :: http://mywebpage.netscape.com/free5mp3/free-mp3.html music download :: http://nmstandards.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/vsemoe free music ipods :: http://bbs.geog.ucsb.edu/ubb/Forum11/HTML/000017.html free ipod music downloads :: http://nmstandards.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/vsemoe Free Music Downloads :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com/music_downloads.html limewire music downloads :: http://www.sopadre.com/gallery/louies/music.html free mp3 downloads :: http://musicdownloads4free.angelfire.com/free-music.html download music video :: http://musicdownloads4free.angelfire.com/free-music.html free mp3 downloads :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com free mp3 music downloads :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/free-music.html free music downloading ::
free music to download .. free music for ipod .. classical music downloads .. legal music downloads .. free mp3 .. Free Music Downloads .. music downloads ..

203.121.79.* 于 2007-07-20 13:21:53发表:

Hi, my sites: :
music downloads = free mp3 downloads = free music download = free music downloads = free mp3 = limewire = free music video = free ipod music downloads sites = mp3 downloads =
http://bbs.geog.ucsb.edu/ubb/Forum11/HTML/000017.html free country music downloads :: http://mywebpage.netscape.com/free5mp3/free-mp3.html free music downloads :: http://nmstandards.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/vsemoe free music ipods :: http://bbs.geog.ucsb.edu/ubb/Forum11/HTML/000017.html free music :: http://nmstandards.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/vsemoe music download :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com/music_downloads.html download music video :: http://www.sopadre.com/gallery/louies/music.html free music downloading :: http://musicdownloads4free.angelfire.com/free-music.html free mp3 downloads :: http://musicdownloads4free.angelfire.com/free-music.html free music download sites :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com music downloads :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/free-music.html download music free ::
free music download sites .. free music downloads .. limewire .. download free music .. download free music .. free music to download .. FREE MUSIC DOWNLOADS ..

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-19 17:49:07发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-19 17:48:22发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-19 17:47:45发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-19 17:47:28发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-19 17:47:15发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-18 18:02:14发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-18 18:01:34发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-18 18:00:54发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-18 18:00:37发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-18 18:00:25发表:

203.121.78.* 于 2007-07-17 18:52:05发表:

Yhanks! Best free mp3 music downloads site: :
free music to download = free country music downloads = music download free = music downloads pc = free mp3 = music downloads = how to download music = free music = free music download sites =
http://bbs.geog.ucsb.edu/ubb/Forum11/HTML/000017.html Free Music Downloads :: http://mywebpage.netscape.com/free5mp3/free-mp3.html free music video :: http://nmstandards.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/vsemoe music downloads pc :: http://bbs.geog.ucsb.edu/ubb/Forum11/HTML/000017.html free music for ipod :: http://nmstandards.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/vsemoe limewire music downloads :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com/music_downloads.html free music download sites :: http://www.sopadre.com/gallery/louies/music.html free legal music downloads :: http://musicdownloads4free.angelfire.com/free-music.html free music :: http://musicdownloads4free.angelfire.com/free-music.html free download music :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com limewire music downloads :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/free-music.html free music download sites ::
free music downloads .. music .. music .. music download .. free music download sites .. download free music .. music download ..

Linux中汇编程序设计讲解

共有 1442 条评论

频道文章

最新教程

随机推荐