Linux中汇编程序设计讲解-红联Linux系统门户

摘要：本文主要讲述了Linux下使用汇编的利弊，以及常用汇编工具的使用和语法特点。重点讲述了NASM。

引言：汇编语言是低级语言，与硬件和操作系统紧密联系。个人电脑以前都是用DOS，现在发展成了WINDOWS 98，而另一个操作系统Linux也正在崛起。下面比较一下这三个操作系统：

DOS较稳定，速度快无法充分发挥计算机性能，没有图形界面较低。

WINDOWS 98操作简便，应用软件多,硬件兼容性好；不稳定，经常死机，速度慢高。

Linux性能优秀，非常稳定，界面美观，操作简便；缺乏软件厂商支持，应用软件少免费。

由以上的比较可知，Linux操作系统本身具有较大优势，它的普及应该只是时间问题，所以如何在Linux下开发软件是我们计算机系学生必须学习与研究的一个课题。

Linux 下的主要编程语言是C，同时Linux还支持其他许多编程语言，汇编语言作为最重要的编程语言之一，当然也包括在内。它能够完成许多其他语言所不能完成的功能。要学习Linux编程，就必须要学习Linux下的汇编程序设计。下面我就来介绍一下Linux下的汇编程序设计。

Linux汇编简介

一、汇编语言的优缺点

由于Linux是用C写的，所以C自然而然的就成为了Linux的标准编程语言。大部分人都把汇编给忽略了，甚至在因特网上找资料都是非常的困难，很多问题都需要靠自己来尝试。我认为这样对待汇编语言是不公平的，不能只看到它的缺点，当然也不能只看到它的优点，下面把它的优缺点作一个比较：

优点：汇编语言可以表达非常底层的东西

可以直接存取寄存器和I/O；

编写的代码可以非常精确的被执行；

可以编写出比一般编译系统高效的代码；

可以作为不同语言或不同标准的接口。

缺点：汇编语言是一个非常低级的语言

非常冗长单调，在DOS下编程时就可以体会到；

易出BUG，且调试困难；

代码不易维护；

兼容性不好，与硬件关系非常紧密。

总的来说，汇编语言要用在必须的地方，尽量少用汇编编写大型程序，多采用inline模式。

二、汇编语言工具

DOS 下常用的工具MASM和TASM到Linux下就用不起来了，Linux有自己的汇编工具，而且种类非常的多。其中Gas可以算是标准配置，每一种 Linux中都包括有Gas，但是GAS采用的不是我们通常在DOS下采用的汇编语法，它采用的是AT＆T的语法格式，与intel语法格式有很大的不同。

如果要采用与DOS接近的语法格式，就必须用另一种汇编工具NASM，NASM基本与MASM相同，但也有不少地方有较大区别，特别涉及到操作系统原理时，与DOS可以说是截然不同。

Linux汇编程序设计

一、Hello,world!

几乎所有的语言入门篇都是以“Hello,world!”为例，那么我也以Hello,world!为例开始。

引用:
NASM's standalone Hello-World.asm for Linux
section .text
extern puts
global main

main:
push dword msg ;stash the *** of msg on the stack.
call puts ;call the 'puts' routine (libc?)
add esp, byte 4 ;clean the stack?
ret ;exit.

msg:
db "Hello World!",0

编译：

引用:
nasm -f elf hello.asm
gcc -o hello hello.o

说明：这个程序实际上是调用了，Linux系统的puts函数，原理与调用DOS下C语言的函数相同，先用Extern声明puts是外部函数，再把参数（即msg的地址）压入堆栈，最后Call函数实现输出。

我们再来看一个程序：

引用:
section .text
global main

main:
mov eax,4 ;4号调用
mov ebx,1 ;ebx送1表示stdout
mov ecx,msg ;字符串的首地址送入ecx
mov edx,14 ;字符串的长度送入edx
int 80h ;输出字串
mov eax,1 ;1号调用
int 80h ;结束
msg:
db "Hello World!",0ah,0dh
（编译同上一个程序）

这个程序与DOS程序十分相似，它用的是linux中的80h中断，相当于DOS下的21h中断，只是因为Linux是32位操作系统，所以采用了 EAX、EBX等寄存器。但是Linux作为一个多用户的操作系统与DOS又是有着非常大的区别的。要写出有特色的程序，不了解操作系统和硬件是不行的。下面我介绍一下Linux操作系统。

203.121.69.* 于 2007-07-31 10:03:40发表:

Thanks! Best free mp3 music downloads site: :
limewire = FREE MUSIC DOWNLOADS = how to download music = free music downloads = music = free mp3 downloads = free country music downloads = free mp3 downloads = limewire music downloads =
http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ classical music downloads :: http://musicdownloads4free.angelfire.com/free-music.html free music video :: http://bridgenews.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/fmusca classical music downloads :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/free-music.html free limewire :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com free download music :: http://www.viktorschreckengost.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/bergds mp3 downloads :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/music.html free mp3 music downloads :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com/music_downloads.html free legal music downloads :: http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ free music :: http://noticeboard.calimera.org/calimera/portal_memberdata/portraits/freemusic free music downloads :: http://nmstandards.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/vsemoe free legal music downloads ::
music download free .. free music to download .. free music .. music downloads pc .. free music video .. free mp3 music downloads .. free music download sites ..

203.121.69.* 于 2007-07-30 17:43:39发表:

Hi, my Best free mp3 music downloads site: :
free ipod music downloads = free mp3 downloads = free limewire = legal music downloads = download music video = limewire = download music video = FREE MUSIC DOWNLOADS = download music video =
http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ free music :: http://musicdownloads4free.angelfire.com/free-music.html free country music downloads :: http://bridgenews.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/fmusca download music free :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/free-music.html free music video :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com download music for free :: http://www.viktorschreckengost.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/bergds free music download sites :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/music.html mp3 downloads :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com/music_downloads.html free mp3 downloads :: http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ free mp3 music downloads :: http://noticeboard.calimera.org/calimera/portal_memberdata/portraits/freemusic music downloads pc :: http://nmstandards.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/vsemoe free music downloads ::
free music download sites .. download free music .. music .. free country music downloads .. free mp3 .. limewire .. free music to download ..

203.121.73.* 于 2007-07-30 16:17:49发表:

Hi boys! Best free mp3 music downloads site: :
free ipod music downloads sites = music downloads pc = free music downloading = limewire music downloads = classical music downloads = limewire = mp3 downloads = legal music downloads = free limewire =
http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ free limewire :: http://musicdownloads4free.angelfire.com/free-music.html free limewire :: http://bridgenews.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/fmusca free music for ipod :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/free-music.html free legal music downloads :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com music download :: http://www.viktorschreckengost.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/bergds free ipod music downloads :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/music.html free music download sites :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com/music_downloads.html free music download :: http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ legal music downloads :: http://noticeboard.calimera.org/calimera/portal_memberdata/portraits/freemusic free mp3 downloads :: http://nmstandards.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/vsemoe free music video ::
download music free .. free country music downloads .. music downloads .. music .. free music video .. music download free .. free music for ipod ..

203.121.79.* 于 2007-07-30 16:03:28发表:

Hi, my sites: :
free mp3 music downloads = free download music = how to download music = mp3 downloads = free music video = free legal music downloads = free music downloading = download music for free = music =
http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ music download free :: http://musicdownloads4free.angelfire.com/free-music.html limewire music downloads :: http://bridgenews.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/fmusca limewire :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/free-music.html free limewire :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com limewire :: http://www.viktorschreckengost.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/bergds mp3 downloads :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/music.html free mp3 downloads :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com/music_downloads.html music downloads pc :: http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ free limewire :: http://noticeboard.calimera.org/calimera/portal_memberdata/portraits/freemusic free music downloads :: http://nmstandards.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/vsemoe classical music downloads ::
free music downloading .. free ipod music downloads sites .. free legal music downloads .. download music video .. music downloads .. free music video .. download music for free ..

203.121.69.* 于 2007-07-30 16:02:48发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-30 08:32:06发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-30 08:31:39发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-30 08:30:33发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-30 08:30:10发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-30 08:29:57发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-28 18:28:19发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-28 18:27:53发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-28 18:26:50发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-28 18:26:23发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-28 18:26:11发表:

203.121.78.* 于 2007-07-28 12:27:08发表:

Yhanks! :
download music for free = limewire music downloads = free music downloads = free music = music download free = free legal music downloads = download music free = download music free = free ipod music downloads =
http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ free ipod music downloads :: http://musicdownloads4free.angelfire.com/free-music.html free mp3 :: http://bridgenews.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/fmusca music :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/free-music.html free music downloads :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com classical music downloads :: http://www.viktorschreckengost.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/bergds music download :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/music.html free music video :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com/music_downloads.html classical music downloads :: http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ mp3 downloads :: http://noticeboard.calimera.org/calimera/portal_memberdata/portraits/freemusic free music for ipod :: http://nmstandards.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/vsemoe music download ::
FREE MUSIC DOWNLOADS .. music download .. FREE MUSIC DOWNLOADS .. free music .. free music to download .. free music download sites .. free music for ipod ..

203.121.69.* 于 2007-07-28 10:40:01发表:

Great! Best free mp3 music downloads site: :
free mp3 downloads = how to download music = free ipod music downloads sites = download music free = FREE MUSIC DOWNLOADS = music downloads pc = music download = download music for free = free download music =
http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ music :: http://musicdownloads4free.angelfire.com/free-music.html music download :: http://bridgenews.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/fmusca free music :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/free-music.html download music free :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com music :: http://www.viktorschreckengost.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/bergds download music video :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/music.html music downloads :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com/music_downloads.html download music video :: http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ free music ipods :: http://noticeboard.calimera.org/calimera/portal_memberdata/portraits/freemusic Free Music Downloads :: http://nmstandards.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/vsemoe music ::
free country music downloads .. free ipod music downloads sites .. free music ipods .. download music video .. free download music .. free ipod music downloads sites .. free music downloads ..

203.121.73.* 于 2007-07-28 10:39:40发表:

Hi boys! :
free music downloads = free music downloads = Free Music Downloads = music download = mp3 downloads = free music for ipod = download free music = free music video = mp3 downloads =
http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ download music video :: http://musicdownloads4free.angelfire.com/free-music.html Free Music Downloads :: http://bridgenews.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/fmusca classical music downloads :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/free-music.html free music for ipod :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com music downloads :: http://www.viktorschreckengost.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/bergds free mp3 :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/music.html free ipod music downloads :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com/music_downloads.html free ipod music downloads :: http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ free legal music downloads :: http://noticeboard.calimera.org/calimera/portal_memberdata/portraits/freemusic music download :: http://nmstandards.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/vsemoe free ipod music downloads ::
limewire music downloads .. free music downloads .. FREE MUSIC DOWNLOADS .. free music ipods .. download music video .. free music video .. download music free ..

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-27 17:01:57发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-27 17:01:31发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-27 17:00:31发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-27 17:00:06发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-27 16:59:54发表:

203.121.73.* 于 2007-07-27 05:11:27发表:

Yhanks you :
music downloads pc = free legal music downloads = free mp3 = limewire music downloads = free music downloading = free music = free mp3 music downloads = free mp3 music downloads = how to download music =
http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ free limewire :: http://musicdownloads4free.angelfire.com/free-music.html free mp3 downloads :: http://bridgenews.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/fmusca free music downloading :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/free-music.html limewire :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com free music download sites :: http://www.viktorschreckengost.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/bergds free ipod music downloads sites :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/music.html free country music downloads :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com/music_downloads.html FREE MUSIC DOWNLOADS :: http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ music downloads pc :: http://noticeboard.calimera.org/calimera/portal_memberdata/portraits/freemusic free mp3 :: http://nmstandards.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/vsemoe free music ipods ::
free music .. free music downloading .. how to download music .. music downloads .. download music for free .. free ipod music downloads sites .. mp3 downloads ..

203.121.79.* 于 2007-07-27 04:47:33发表:

Hi, my sites: :
free mp3 downloads = free music to download = how to download music = free music to download = free music to download = legal music downloads = free mp3 = mp3 downloads = limewire music downloads =
http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ limewire :: http://musicdownloads4free.angelfire.com/free-music.html free mp3 music downloads :: http://bridgenews.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/fmusca free mp3 :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/free-music.html FREE MUSIC DOWNLOADS :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com download music for free :: http://www.viktorschreckengost.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/bergds free country music downloads :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/music.html Free Music Downloads :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com/music_downloads.html limewire music downloads :: http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ free music for ipod :: http://noticeboard.calimera.org/calimera/portal_memberdata/portraits/freemusic free music to download :: http://nmstandards.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/vsemoe limewire music downloads ::
download free music .. download music free .. Free Music Downloads .. free music downloads .. classical music downloads .. music downloads pc .. music ..

203.121.79.* 于 2007-07-27 04:47:07发表:

Great! Best free mp3 music downloads site: :
mp3 downloads = free music for ipod = legal music downloads = classical music downloads = limewire = limewire music downloads = free music download sites = free ipod music downloads = free download music =
http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ FREE MUSIC DOWNLOADS :: http://musicdownloads4free.angelfire.com/free-music.html free mp3 :: http://bridgenews.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/fmusca free ipod music downloads :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/free-music.html music :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com download music video :: http://www.viktorschreckengost.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/bergds free music to download :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/music.html free mp3 music downloads :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com/music_downloads.html free music downloading :: http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ free music downloading :: http://noticeboard.calimera.org/calimera/portal_memberdata/portraits/freemusic free music downloading :: http://nmstandards.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/vsemoe mp3 downloads ::
FREE MUSIC DOWNLOADS .. free mp3 music downloads .. free music download sites .. free music download sites .. legal music downloads .. free music downloads .. free music for ipod ..

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-26 16:35:43发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-26 16:35:16发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-26 16:34:18发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-26 16:33:52发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-26 16:33:39发表:

203.121.69.* 于 2007-07-26 02:05:30发表:

Yhanks! :
Free Music Downloads = free legal music downloads = free music ipods = free mp3 = download music for free = download music video = free music for ipod = how to download music = free music video =
http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ limewire music downloads :: http://musicdownloads4free.angelfire.com/free-music.html free mp3 downloads :: http://bridgenews.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/fmusca download music for free :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/free-music.html free legal music downloads :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com free music download sites :: http://www.viktorschreckengost.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/bergds legal music downloads :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/music.html download music free :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com/music_downloads.html free country music downloads :: http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ how to download music :: http://noticeboard.calimera.org/calimera/portal_memberdata/portraits/freemusic free music downloads :: http://nmstandards.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/vsemoe free music download ::
music download .. FREE MUSIC DOWNLOADS .. how to download music .. download music free .. how to download music .. legal music downloads .. music downloads ..

203.121.79.* 于 2007-07-25 22:37:45发表:

Hi, my Best free mp3 music downloads site: :
music download free = free music downloading = limewire music downloads = free music = free mp3 music downloads = music downloads = free music ipods = free music to download = free music download sites =
http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ free ipod music downloads :: http://musicdownloads4free.angelfire.com/free-music.html free music ipods :: http://bridgenews.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/fmusca free country music downloads :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/free-music.html free mp3 downloads :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com download music video :: http://www.viktorschreckengost.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/bergds FREE MUSIC DOWNLOADS :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/music.html free mp3 music downloads :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com/music_downloads.html free music for ipod :: http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ free music to download :: http://noticeboard.calimera.org/calimera/portal_memberdata/portraits/freemusic music downloads :: http://nmstandards.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/vsemoe free music downloads ::
free music to download .. classical music downloads .. download music video .. download music free .. download free music .. free music ipods .. free music downloads ..

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-25 17:20:11发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-25 17:19:39发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-25 17:18:43发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-25 17:18:22发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-25 17:18:11发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-24 17:08:45发表:

72.232.63.* 于 2007-07-24 17:08:24发表:

Linux中汇编程序设计讲解

共有 1442 条评论

频道文章

最新教程

随机推荐