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·½·¨Ò»¡¢Ê¹Óà apt-cache ÃüÁî
apt-cache ÃüÁîÓÃÓÚ´Ó APT ÄÚ²¿Êý¾Ý¿âÖвéѯAPT »º´æºÍ°üµÄÔªÊý¾Ý£¬½«»áËÑË÷ºÍÏÔʾָ¶¨°üµÄÐÅÏ¢£¬°üÀ¨ÊÇ·ñ°²×°¡¢³ÌÐò°ü°æ±¾¡¢Ô´Âë²Ö¿âÐÅÏ¢µÈ¡£
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# apt-cache policy nano
nano:
Installed: 2.9.3-2
Candidate: 2.9.3-2
Version table:
*** 2.9.3-2 500
500 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 Packages
100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
·½·¨¶þ¡¢Ê¹Óà apt ÃüÁî
apt ÊÇÒ»¸ö¹¦ÄÜÇ¿´óµÄÃüÁîÐй¤¾ß£¬¿ÉÓÃÓÚ°²×°¡¢ÏÂÔØ¡¢É¾³ý¡¢ËÑË÷¡¢¹ÜÀí³ÌÐò°üÒÔ¼°²éѯ¹ØÓÚ³ÌÐò°üµÄÐÅÏ¢£¬ÀàËƶÔÓÚ libapt-pkg ¿âµÄËùÓй¦Äܵĵײã·ÃÎÊ¡£Æä°üº¬Ò»Ð©Óë°ü¹ÜÀíÏà¹ØµÄµ«ºÜÉÙÓõ½µÄÃüÁîÐй¦ÄÜ¡£
# apt -qq list nano
nano/bionic,now 2.9.3-2 amd64 [installed]
·½·¨Èý¡¢Ê¹Óà dpkg-query ÃüÁî
dpkg-query ÊÇÏÔʾ dpkg Êý¾Ý¿âÖгÌÐò°üÐÅÏ¢ÁбíµÄÒ»¸ö¹¤¾ß¡£
ÏÂÃæʾÀýÖеÄÊä³öµÄµÚÒ»ÁÐ ii£¬±íʾ²éѯµÄ³ÌÐò°üÒÑ°²×°ÁË¡£
# dpkg-query --list | grep -i nano
ii nano 2.9.3-2 amd64 small, friendly text editor inspired by Pico
·½·¨ËÄ¡¢Ê¹Óà dpkg ÃüÁî
dpkg£¨debian package£©ÊÇÒ»¸ö°²×°¡¢¹¹½¨¡¢É¾³ýºÍ¹ÜÀí Debian °üµÄ¹¤¾ß£¬µ«ºÍÆäËû°ü¹ÜÀíϵͳ²»Í¬µÄÊÇ£¬Æä²»ÄÜ×Ô¶¯ÏÂÔغͰ²×°°ü»ò°üÒÀÀµ¡£
ÏÂÃæʾÀýÖеÄÊä³öµÄµÚÒ»ÁÐ ii£¬±íʾ²éѯµÄ°üÒÑ°²×°ÁË¡£
# dpkg -l | grep -i nano
ii nano 2.9.3-2 amd64 small, friendly text editor inspired by Pico
·½·¨Î塢ʹÓà which ÃüÁî
which ÃüÁî·µ»ØÔÚÖÕ¶ËÖÐÊäÈëÃüÁîʱִÐеĿÉÖ´ÐÐÎļþµÄȫ·¾¶¡£Õâ¶ÔÓÚÄãÏëÒª¸ø¿ÉÖ´ÐÐÎļþ´´½¨×ÀÃæ¿ì½Ý·½Ê½»ò·ûºÅÁ´½Óʱ·Ç³£ÓÐÓá£
which ÃüÁî½öÔÚµ±Ç°Óû§ PATH »·¾³±äÁ¿ÅäÖõÄĿ¼ÁбíÖÐËÑË÷£¬¶ø²»ÊÇÔÚËùÓÐÓû§µÄĿ¼ÖÐËÑË÷¡£ÕâÒâ˼Êǵ±ÄãµÇÈëÄã×Ô¼ºÕ˺Åʱ£¬Æä²»»áÔÚ root Óû§Îļþ»òĿ¼ÖÐËÑË÷¡£
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# which nano
/bin/nano
·½·¨Áù¡¢Ê¹Óà whereis ÃüÁî
whereis ÃüÁîÓÃÓÚÕë¶ÔÖ¸¶¨ÃüÁîËÑË÷¶ÔÓ¦µÄ³ÌÐò¶þ½øÖÆÎļþ¡¢Ô´ÂëÎļþÒÔ¼°°ïÖúÎļþµÈ¡£
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# whereis nano
nano: /bin/nano /usr/share/nano /usr/share/man/man1/nano.1.gz /usr/share/info/nano.info.gz
·½·¨Æß¡¢Ê¹Óà locate ÃüÁî
locate ÃüÁî±È find ÃüÁî¿ì£¬ÒòΪÆäÔÚ updatedb Êý¾Ý¿âÖÐËÑË÷£¬¶ø find ÃüÁîÔÚʵ¼ÊϵͳÖнøÐÐËÑË÷¡£
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locate ÃüÁî²»»áÔ¤°²×°ÔÚ´ó¶àÊýϵͳÖУ¬ÐèÒªÊÖ¶¯°²×°¡£
locate ʹÓõÄÊý¾Ý¿â»á¸ù¾Ý¶¨Ê±ÈÎÎñ¶¨ÆÚ¸üС£µ±È»£¬ÎÒÃÇÒ²¿ÉÒÔÊÖ¶¯¸üС£
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# locate --basename '
ano'
/usr/bin/nano
/usr/share/nano
/usr/share/doc/nano