Ò»¡¢ ¼ò½é
redhat²ÉÓÃÁËRPMÈí¼þ°ü¹ÜÀíϵͳ£¬RPMÈí¼þ°ü¹ÜÀíϵͳ¾ßÓÐÇ¿´óµÄ±àÒë°²×°¹¦ÄÜ£¬µ«ÊÇÓÉÓÚÀúÊ·ÔÒò£¬RPMÈí¼þ°ü¹ÜÀíϵͳ¶ÔÈí¼þÖ®¼äµÄÒÀ´æ¹ØϵûÓÐÄÚ²¿¶¨Ò壬Ôì³É°²×°RPMÈí¼þʱ¾³£³öÏÖÁîÈËÎÞ·¨Àí½âµÄÈí¼þÒÀÀµÎÊÌâ¡£
debian ϵͳÔò»ùÓÚapt(Advanced Packaging Tool)¹¤¾ß½øÐÐÈí¼þ°ü¹ÜÀí£¬¿ÉÒÔ×Ô¶¯½â¾ö²¢°²×°ÒÐÀµÈí¼þ°ü£¬Òò´Ëdebian linux±»ÈÏΪÊÇ×îÈÝÒ×¹ÜÀíºÍÉý¼¶µÄϵͳ£¬apt¹¤¾ßÒ²±»ÈÏΪÊÇÄ¿Ç°×îºÃµÄÈí¼þ°ü¹ÜÀí¹¤¾ßÖ®Ò»¡£ÎªÁ˽â¾öredhat°ü¹ÜÀíϵͳµÄÖÂÃüÎÊÌ⣬ Conectiva linux½«aptϵͳÒÆÖ²µ½ÁËʹÓÃrpmÈí¼þ°ü¹ÜÀíϵͳµÄLinuxϵͳÏ£¬Ê¹µÃ»ùÓÚRPMÈí¼þ°üµÄϵͳ¿ÉÒÔÀûÓÃapt¹¤¾ßÌṩµÄ×Ô¶¯½â¾öÒÐÀµ¹ØϵµÄÄÜÁ¦¡£Ä¿Ç°ÒѾÓкܶàΪredhat linuxÌṩapt·½Ê½Éý¼¶¹ÜÀíÈí¼þ°üµÄÕ¾µã£¬Èçhttp://freshrpms.net £¬ http://apt.unl.edu µÈµÈ,ʹµÃredhatÒ²³ÉΪ¿ÉÒÔÀûÓÃapt¹¤¾ßµÄ·¢ÐаæÖ®Ò»£¬±¾ÎĽéÉÜÈçºÎÔÚredhat linuxϵͳ°²×°ºÍʹÓÃaptÈí¼þ°ü¹ÜÀí¹¤¾ß¡£
ΪÁ˶Ôapt¹¤¾ßµÄÌØÐÔÓÐÒ»¸ö´óÖµÄÁ˽⣬ÏÂÃæÏȽéÉܼ¸¸öʹÓÃapt with rpm¹ÜÀíϵͳµÄʵÀý£º
£¨1£©É¾³ýÒ»¸öÈí¼þ°üʱ×Ô¶¯É¾³ýÏà¹ØÈí¼þ°ü:
[root@linux root]# apt-get remove nessus-common
Processing File Dependencies... Done
Reading Package Lists... Done
Building Dependency Tree... Done
The following packages will be REMOVED:
nessus-client nessus-common nessus-server
0 packages upgraded, 0 newly installed, 3 to remove(replace) and 0 not upgraded.Need to get 0B of archives. After unpacking 4863kB will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]
Executing RPM (-e)...
warning: /etc/nessus/nessusd.conf saved as /etc/nessus/nessusd.conf.rpmsave
[root@linux root]#
£¨2£©×Ô¶¯ÏÂÔØ°²×°ÒÀÀµ°ü:
[root@linux root]# apt-get install nessus-server
Processing File Dependencies... Done
Reading Package Lists... Done
Building Dependency Tree... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
nessus-common nmap
The following NEW packages will be installed:
nessus-common nessus-server nmap
0 packages upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove(replace) and 0 not upgraded.Need to get 1239kB of archives. After unpacking 4889kB will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]
Get:1 http://apt.freshrpms.net freshrpms/7.2/freshrpms nessus-common 1:1.1.12-fr1 [101kB]
Get:2 http://apt.freshrpms.net freshrpms/7.2/freshrpms nessus-server 1:1.1.12-fr1 [895kB]
Get:3 http://apt.freshrpms.net redhat/i386/7.2/os nmap 2.54BETA22-3 [243kB]
Fetched 1239kB in 54s (22.8kB/s)
Executing RPM (-U)...
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:nessus-common ########################################### [ 33%]
2:nmap ########################################### [ 66%]
3:nessus-server ########################################### [100%]
[root@linux root]#
£¨3£©Î¬»¤ÏµÍ³Èí¼þ£¬×Ô¶¯¸üÐÂϵͳ :
[root@linux root]# apt-get upgrade
Processing File Dependencies... Done
Reading Package Lists... Done
Building Dependency Tree... Done
The following packages will be upgraded
at libxml2 libxml2-devel openldap openldap-clients openldap-devel rsync
7 packages upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove(replace) and 0 not upgraded.Need to get 2132kB of archives. After unpacking 560kB will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]
Get:1 http://apt-rpm.tuxfamily.org redhat-updates-7.2/redhat/os at 3.1.8-23 [42.6kB]
Get:2 http://apt-rpm.tuxfamily.org redhat-updates-7.2/redhat/os libxml2 2.4.10-0.7x.2 [360kB]
Get:3 http://apt-rpm.tuxfamily.org redhat-updates-7.2/redhat/os libxml2-devel 2.4.10-0.7x.2 [617kB]
Get:4 http://apt-rpm.tuxfamily.org redhat-updates-7.2/redhat/os openldap 2.0.21-1 [424kB]
Get:5 http://apt-rpm.tuxfamily.org redhat-updates-7.2/redhat/os openldap-clients 2.0.21-1 [114kB]
Get:6 http://apt-rpm.tuxfamily.org redhat-updates-7.2/redhat/os openldap-devel 2.0.21-1 [462kB]
Get:7 http://apt-rpm.tuxfamily.org redhat-updates-7.2/redhat/os rsync 2.4.6-8 [112kB]
Fetched 2132kB in 3m8s (11.3kB/s)
Executing RPM (-U)...
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:libxml2 ########################################### [ 14%]
2:rsync ########################################### [ 28%]
3penldap ########################################### [ 42%]
4penldap-clients ########################################### [ 57%]
5penldap-devel ########################################### [ 71%]
6:at ########################################### [ 85%]
7:libxml2-devel ########################################### [100%]
[root@linux root]#
¶þ¡¢°²×°apt with rpm¼°ÆäͼÐνçÃæÇ°¶ËSynaptic
ÏÂÃæ¼òµ¥½éÉÜÒ»ÏÂÈçºÎÏÂÔغͰ²×°apt with rpm
apt with rpm¿ÉÒÔÖ±½Óµ½ http://freshrpms.net ÏÂÔØ°²×°£¬Ä¿Ç°¸ÃÕ¾µãÌṩÁËredhat 6.2, 7.x¡¢8.0ºÍ9.0µÄÈí¼þÉý¼¶·þÎñ£¬ÏÂÃæÊǼ¸¸ö³£ÓÃredhat°æ±¾µÄaptÏÂÔصØÖ·£º
http://apt.freshrpms.net/
ÏÂÔغóʹÓÃrpmÃüÁî°²×°£º
[root@linux root]# rpm -ihv apt-0.5.4cnc9-fr1.i386.rpm
freshrpms.netͬʱÌṩÁËÒ»¸öͼÐνçÃæµÄapt-rpm½Ó¿ÚSynaptic£¬Ê¹ÓÃͼÐνçÃæµÄapt¸ü¼Ó·½±ã£¬°²×°ÁËaptºó£¬¿ÉÒÔÖ±½ÓÀûÓÃapt°²×°Synaptic£º
[root@linux root]# apt-get update
[root@linux root]# apt-get install synaptic
ÔÚ¼¸ÐÐÌáʾ֮ºóSynaptic¾Í°²×°ºÃÁË£¬½øÈëXwindow£¬Synaptic»á³öÏÖÔÚ¡°ÏµÍ³ÉèÖᱲ˵¥ÀïÃæ¡£[Fixme: redhat 7.x°æ±¾Synaptic³öÏÖÔÚÄÄÀ]
Èý¡¢Ê¹ÓÃapt
ÔÚredhatÉÏÃæʹÓÃaptºÍÔÚdebianÏÂÃæʹÓü¸ºõÍêÈ«Ò»Ñù£¬ÅäÖÃÎļþÔÚ/etc/apt/,°´ÕÕÇ°Ãæ½éÉÜ°²×°ºÃaptÖ®ºó¾Í¿ÉÒÔʹÓò¢¿ÉÒÔ¸üÐÂredhatÌṩµÄRPM¸üÐÂÒÔ¼°freshrpms.netÌṩµÄ¸üÐÂÁË¡£Ö÷ÒªÔËÐÐÃüÁîÈçÏ£º
£¨1£©¸üÐÂÈí¼þÁбí,»ñÈ¡Ô¶³Ìrpm·þÎñÆ÷ÉϵÄÈí¼þÁбíºÍÏ໥ÒÀÀµ¹ØϵÁÐ±í£¬ËùÓпÉÓÃÈí¼þµÄÏÂÔصØÖ·¶¼ÔÚ/etc/apt/sources.listÀïÃ涨Ò壬ÏÂÃæµÄ¶àÊýÏÂÔزÙ×÷µØÖ·Ò²ÊÇÔÚÕâÀﶨÒåµÄ¡£
[root@linux root]# apt-get update
£¨2£©¼ì²é±¾µØÈí¼þÒÀÀµ¹ØϵºÏ·¨ÐÔ£¬ÓÉÓÚrpmϵͳµÄÎÊÌ⣬ºÜ¶àϵͳ»á´æÔÚһЩÒÀÀµÎÊÌ⣬ÓÃÏÂÃæÃüÁî¼ì²éÒÀÀµ¹Øϵ£¬Í¬Ê±apt-get»áÌṩһЩÐÞ¸´·½°¸£¬Ö»Óб¾»úûÓÐÒÀÀµ¹ØϵÎÊÌâÁ˲ÅÄÜÁ¼ºÃµØʹÓÃapt-rpm¡£Ò»¸öа²×°µÄ¸É¾»ÏµÍ³²»»áÓÐÒÀÀµ¹ØϵÎÊÌâ¡£
[root@linux root]# apt-get check
£¨3£©°²×°»òÉý¼¶Ò»¸öÐÂÈí¼þ
[root@linux root]# apt-get install package-name
package-nameÊÇrpm°üµÄÃû×ÖµÄÇ°Ã沿·Ö£¬²»°üº¬°æ±¾ºÅ£¬Èç¹ûÑ¡Ôñ²»Í¬µÄ´¦ÀíÆ÷ÀàÐÍ£¬¿ÉÒÔÔÚºóÃæÌí¼Ó@i686µÈ±êʶ¡£
£¨4£©Éý¼¶ËùÓÐϵͳÈí¼þ
[root@linux root]# apt-get upgrade
£¨5£©È«ÃæÉý¼¶,±Èupgrade¸ü¼ÓÖÇÄÜ»¯µÄÉý¼¶£¬Í¬Ê±½â¾öÉý¼¶Ê±µÄһЩÒÀÀµ¹Øϵ
[root@linux root]# apt-get dist-upgrade
£¨6£©Ð¶ÔØÈí¼þ£¬Í¬Ê±Ð¶ÔØÒÀÀµÈí¼þ
[root@linux root]# apt-get remove package-name
£¨7£©Çå³ý±¾µØÏÂÔصÄrpm°ü£¬rpm°üÏÂÔغ󱣴æÔÚ/var/cache/apt/archievesÏÂÃ棬±¾ÃüÁîÇå³ýÒÑÏÂÔØ°²×°¹ýµÄrpmÎļþ
[root@linux root]# apt-get clean
ÒÔÉÏËùÓÐÃüÁ¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýͼÐνçÃæµÄÇ°¶ËÈí¼þSynapticÍê³É£¬Í¼Ðλ¯µÄÈí¼þʹÓÃÆðÀ´¸ü¼ÓÖ±¹Û£¬Àí½âÁËÇ°Ã漸¸öÖ÷ÒªÃüÁ¾Í¿ÉÒÔºÁÎÞÀ§ÄѵØʹÓÃSynapticÁË£¬ËùÒÔ±¾ÎIJ»ÔÙ׸ÊöSynapticµÄʹÓ÷½·¨ÁË¡£
ËÄ ¶¨ÖÆapt-rpm
£¨1£©Ìí¼ÓÈí¼þ×ÊÔ´Áбí
ÔÚapt-rpmϵͳÀïÃæÌí¼ÓÈí¼þ×ÊÔ´·Ç³£ÈÝÒ×£¬Ö»ÐèÒª°´ÕÕÌṩapt·þÎñµÄ·þÎñÆ÷µÄ˵Ã÷ÔÚ/etc/apt/sources.listÀïÃæ¼ÓÈë¶ÔÍøÕ¾µÄÃèÊö¼´¿É¡£
ÕâÒ»ÐвÎÊýµÄ¸ñʽΪ£º
rpm uri distribution [component1] [componenent2] [...]
ÆäÖУ¬uriΪÈí¼þ×ÊÔ´µÄµØÖ·£¬¿ÉÒÔÊÇhttp£¬ftp£¬fileµÈURLµØÖ·£¬distributionÊÇredhat·¢Ðа汾£¬Èç 7.2,7.3,8.0µÈµÈ£¬ºóÃæµÄcomponent¿ÉÒÔºöÂÔ¡£ÓÐʱºò¿ÉÄÜÖ»¶ÔijÈí¼þ×ÊÔ´µÄÒ»»ò¼¸²¿·Ö²¿·Ö¸ÐÐËȤ£¬ÄÇô¿ÉÒÔÔÚÕâÀïÃ÷È·Ö¸³ö¡£
ÀýÈçÌí¼Óhttp://apt.unl.edu/ ÌṩµÄredhat KDE 3.1µÄ²âÊÔÈí¼þ°ü£¬Ö»ÐèÒªÔÚsources.listÀïÃæÌí¼ÓÒ»ÐУº
code:rpm ftp://apt.unl.edu/apt/ 8.0 kde3-test
¾Í½«¸ÃÍøÕ¾µÄkde3²¿·Ö¼ÓÈëÁËÁÐ±í¡£
ÏÂÃæÊÇһЩĿǰ¿ÉÒÔÓÃÓÚredhat µÄapt-rpmÈí¼þ×ÊÔ´ÁÐ±í£¬°ÑËüÃǼÓÈëÄãµÄ /etc/apt/sources.list Îļþ¾Í¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýapt-rpmʹÓÃËûÃÇÌṩµÄredhatÈí¼þ¸üкÍά»¤ÁË,²Î¿´Íøվ˵Ã÷¡££¨Ç°ÃæÊÇÍøÕ¾Ãû£¬ºóÃæÊÇÊÊÓÃredhat°æ±¾ºÍ¼ò½é£©
http://apt.freshrpms.net/ - Red Hat linux 6.2, 7.x and 8.0 repositories (with all freshrpms included of course!)
http://www.linux.cz/apt-rpm/ - Red Hat linux 7.x repositories (with all freshrpms included too!)
http://apt-rpm.tuxfamily.org/ - Red Hat linux 6.2, 7.x and 8.0 repositories
http://apt.nlc.no/apt/ - Red Hat linux 6.2, 7.x and Rawhide repositories
http://ftp.uninett.no/pub/linux/apt/ - Red Hat linux 6.2, 7.x, 8.0 and Rawhide repositories
http://redhat.usu.edu/ - Red Hat linux 7.2, 7.3 and 8.0 repositories
ftp://mirror.pa.msu.edu/apt/ - Red Hat linux 7.2, 7.3 and 8.0 repositories
http://apt-rpm.codefactory.se/ - Red Hat linux 7.2, 7.3 and 8.0 and gnomehide repositories
http://apt.42h.de/ - Red Hat linux 7.2, 7.3 and 8.0 repositories
http://apt.toggletext.com.au/ - A few Red Hat linux 7.2 custom packages
http://people.ecsc.co.uk/~matt/repository.html - Lots of custom Red Hat linux 8.0 GNOME 2 and related packages
http://ftp-stud.fht-esslingen.de/apt/ - Red Hat linux 7.x, 8.x and rawhide
http://apt.unl.edu/ - Red Hat linux 7.3 and 8.0
http://kde-redhat.sourceforge.net/ - KDE for Red Hat project
£¨2£©°Ñredhat°²×°ÅÌÌí¼Óµ½Èí¼þÔ´
ÓеÄʱºòÐèÒª´Óredhat°²×°¹âÅÌ»òÕßisoÎļþ°²×°¡¢Ð¶ÔØÈí¼þ£¬Õâʱ¿ÉÒÔ°Ñredhat°²×°¹âÅÌÉèÖÃΪÈí¼þÔ´¡£ÕâÖÖ¹¤×÷·½Ê½ÐèÒªÊ×ÏÈɨÃæ°²×°¹âÅÌÉϵÄÈí¼þ°ü£¬²¢ÔÚ /var/lib/apt/cdroms.listÎļþÖн¨Á¢¹âÅÌÈí¼þÁÐ±í¡£
Èç¹ûʹÓÃredhat¹âÅÌ£¬Ö»ÐèÒª°Ñ¹âÅ̲åÈë¹âÇý£¬ÏÂÃæÃüÁî»á×Ô¶¯mount¹âÅ̲¢½¨Á¢Áбí
[root@linux root]# apt-cdrom add
Èç¹ûÊÇʹÓÃISOÎļþ°²×°£¬Ê×ÏÈmount ISOÎļþµ½mount-point,°Ñmount pointÊäÈ룬¾Í¿ÉÒÔ×Ô¶¯ËÑË÷RPMÈí¼þÁбíÁË¡£
[root@linux root]# apt-cdrom -m -d mount-point add
Èç¹ûÊǽ⿪µÄÓ²ÅÌÓ³Ïñ°²×°£¬Ö»ÐèÒª°Ñ·¾¶ÊäÈ룬¾Í¿ÉÒÔ×Ô¶¯ËÑË÷RPMÈí¼þÁбíÁË¡£
[root@linux root]# apt-cdrom -m -d path add
Îå ʵÀý
£¨1£©°²×°mplayer
[root@linux root]# apt-get install mplayer
Reading Package Lists... Done
Collecting File Provides... Done
Building Dependency Tree... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
aalib libdv libdvdcss libdvdcss-devel libdvdread libdvdread-devel lirc
xvidcore
The following packages will be upgraded
libdvdcss libdvdcss-devel libdvdread libdvdread-devel
The following NEW packages will be installed:
aalib libdv lirc mplayer xvidcore
4 packages upgraded, 5 newly installed, 0 removed and 14 not upgraded.
Need to get 5417kB/5471kB of archives.
After unpacking 15.3MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]
Get:1 http://apt.freshrpms.net redhat/8.0/en/i386/freshrpms aalib 1.4rc5-fr1 [104kB]
Get:2 http://apt.freshrpms.net redhat/8.0/en/i386/freshrpms libdv 0.99-fr1 [240kB]
Get:3 http://apt.freshrpms.net redhat/8.0/en/i386/freshrpms libdvdread-devel 0.9.4-fr2 [63.4kB]
Get:4 http://apt.freshrpms.net redhat/8.0/en/i386/freshrpms libdvdread 0.9.4-fr2 [56.3kB]
Get:5 http://apt.freshrpms.net redhat/8.0/en/i386/freshrpms lirc 0.6.5-fr3 [373kB]
Get:6 http://apt.freshrpms.net redhat/8.0/en/i386/freshrpms xvidcore 0.9.0-fr3 [159kB]
Get:7 http://apt.freshrpms.net redhat/8.0/en/i386/freshrpms mplayer 0.90-fr0.5rc4 [4422kB]
Fetched 5417kB in 31s (174kB/s)
Executing RPM (-Uvh)...
warning: /var/cache/apt/archives/aalib_1.4rc5-fr1_i386.rpm: V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID e42d547b
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:aalib ########################################### [ 11%]
2:libdv ########################################### [ 22%]
3:libdvdcss-devel ########################################### [ 33%]
4:libdvdcss ########################################### [ 44%]
5:libdvdread-devel ########################################### [ 56%]
6:libdvdread ########################################### [ 67%]
7:lirc ########################################### [ 78%]
8:xvidcore ########################################### [ 89%]
9:mplayer ########################################### [100%]
×¢£ºÓÐÁ½¸ö°üÔø¾ÏÂÔعý£¬ËùÒÔ±¾´Î²»ÔÙÏÂÔØ¡£
£¨2£©°²×°kde 3.1 for redhat µÄ²âÊÔ°ü
¶¨Òå×ÊÔ´£ºÎªÁ˼òµ¥£¬°ÑÏÂÃæÒ»ÐмÓÈë/etc/apt/sources.list£¬²¢ÔÝʱ°ÑÆäËü×ÊÔ´Áбí×¢Ê͵ô
code:rpm ftp://apt.unl.edu/apt/ 8.0 kde3-test
Ö´ÐÐÍêÕûÉý¼¶£º
[root@linux root]# apt-get dist-upgrade
OK, ÌåÑéÒ»ÏÂKDE 3.1µÄÐÂÌØÐÔ°É£¡
Áù ÆäËü×ÊÔ´
http://apt4rpm.sourceforge.net/ - General information and scripts to create repositories (focused initially on SuSE)
__________________
CR366++=550,192M-PC133,40U6+15GU10,ON-DATA 40X,INTEL810
I752ÏÔ¿¨£¬ALC100/P-AC'97Éù¿¨
8139+8029
HDA-40GU6:Windiows XP professional
HDB-15GU10:Redhat linux 9.0+Debian linux unstable
ÉúÃü²»Ï¢£¬Ñ§Ï°²»Ö¹£¡
Äã°ïÖúÎÒ£¬ÎÒÒ²°ïÖúÄã¡£
ÈçºÎʹÓñ¾µØrpm°üÉý¼¶ÏµÍ³£¿
ÔÚ/etc/apt/sources.listÀïÃæ¼ÓÉÏÒ»ÐУº
rpm file:/path/to/rpms/ 8.0
´úÀíÉèÖÃÔÚ/etc/apt/apt.confÎļþÀïÃæÉèÖÃ
ÓÃÃüÁîÉèÖÃÓ¦¸ÃÊÇÕâÑùµÄ£º
apt-config -o ACQIURE::http=hostort
apt-config -o ACQIURE::ftp=hostort
°²×°Èí¼þ£ºapt-get install softname
жÔØÈí¼þ£ºapt-get remove softname
¸üÐÂÁÐ±í£ºapt-get update
ËÑË÷Èí¼þ£ºapt-cache search softname