在Linux操作系统中编程声音设备实例-红联Linux系统门户

　　Linux下的声音设备编程比大多数人想象的要简单得多。一般说来，我们常用的声音设备是内部扬声器和声卡，它们都对应/dev目录下的一个或多个设备文件，我们象打开普通文件一样打开它们，用ioctl（）函数设置一些参数，然后对这些打开的特殊文件进写操作。

　　由于这些文件不是普通的文件，所以我们不能用ANSI C（标准C）的fopen、fclose等来操作文件，而应该使用系统文件I/O处理函数（open、read、write、lseek和close）来处理这些设备文件。ioctl（）或许是Linux下最庞杂的函数，它可以控制各种文件的属性，在Linux声音设备编程中，最重要的就是使用此函数正确设置必要的参数。

　　下面我们举两个实际的例子来说明如何实现Linux下的声音编程。由于此类编程涉及到系统设备的读写，所以，很多时候需要你有root权限，如果你将下面的例子编译后不能正确执行，那么，首先请你检查是否是因为没有操纵某个设备的权限。

　　对内部扬声器编程内部扬声器是控制台的一部分，所以它对应的设备文件为/dev/console。变量KIOCSOUND在头文件 /usr /include /linux /kd.h中声明，ioctl函数使用它可以来控制扬声器的发声，使用规则为：

引用:
　　ioctl ( fd, KIOCSOUND, (int) tone);

　　fd为文件设备号，tone 是音频值。当tone为0时，终止发声。必须一提的是它所理解的音频和我们平常以为的音频是不同的，由于计算机主板定时器的时钟频率为1.19MHZ，所以要进行正确的发声，必须进行如下的转换：扬声器音频值=1190000/我们期望的音频值。

　　扬声器发声时间的长短我们通过函数usleep（unsigned long usec）来控制。它是在头文件/usr /include /unistd.h中定义的，让程序睡眠usec微秒。下面即是让扬声器按指定的长度和音频发声的程序的完整清单：

引用:
#include < fcntl.h >
#include < stdio.h >
#include < stdlib.h >
#include < string.h >
#include < unistd.h >
#include < sys/ioctl.h >
#include < sys/types.h >
#include < linux/kd.h >

/* 设定默认值 */
#define DEFAULT_FREQ 440 /* 设定一个合适的频率 */
#define DEFAULT_LENGTH 200 /* 200 微秒，发声的长度是以微秒为单位的*/
#define DEFAULT_REPS 1 /* 默认不重复发声 */
#define DEFAULT_DELAY 100 /* 同样以微秒为单位*/

/* 定义一个结构，存储所需的数据*/
typedef struct {
int freq; /* 我们期望输出的频率，单位为Hz */
int length; /* 发声长度，以微秒为单位*/
int reps; /* 重复的次数*/
int delay; /* 两次发声间隔，以微秒为单位*/
} beep_parms_t;

/* 打印帮助信息并退出*/
void usage_bail ( const char *executable_name ) {
printf ( "Usage: \n \t%s [-f frequency] [-l length] [-r reps] [-d delay] \n ",
executable_name );
exit(1);
}

/ * 分析运行参数，各项意义如下：
* "-f <以HZ为单位的频率值 >"
* "-l <以毫秒为单位的发声时长 >"
* "-r <重复次数 >"
* "-d <以毫秒为单位的间歇时长 >"
*/
void parse_command_line(char **argv, beep_parms_t *result) {
char *arg0 = *(argv++);
while ( *argv ) {
if ( !strcmp( *argv,"-f" )) { /*频率*/
int freq = atoi ( *( ++argv ) );
if ( ( freq <= 0 ) | | ( freq > 10000 ) ) {
fprintf ( stderr, "Bad parameter: frequency must be from 1..10000\n" );
exit (1) ;
} else {
result->freq = freq;
argv++;
}
} else if ( ! strcmp ( *argv, "-l" ) ) { /*时长*/
int length = atoi ( *(++argv ) );
if (length < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Bad parameter: length must be >= 0\n");
exit(1);
} else {
result->length = length;
argv++;
}
} else if (!strcmp(*argv, "-r")) { /*重复次数*/
int reps = atoi(*(++argv));
if (reps < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Bad parameter: reps must be >= 0\n");
exit(1);
} else {
result->reps = reps;
argv++;
}
} else if (!strcmp(*argv, "-d")) { /* 延时 */
int delay = atoi(*(++argv));
if (delay < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Bad parameter: delay must be >= 0\n");
exit(1);
} else {
result->delay = delay;
argv++;
}
} else {
fprintf(stderr, "Bad parameter: %s\n", *argv);
usage_bail(arg0);
}
}
}

int main(int argc, char **argv) {
int console_fd;
int i; /* 循环计数器 */
/* 设发声参数为默认值*/
beep_parms_t parms = {DEFAULT_FREQ, DEFAULT_LENGTH, DEFAULT_REPS,
DEFAULT_DELAY};
/* 分析参数，可能的话更新发声参数*/
parse_command_line(argv, &parms);

/* 打开控制台，失败则结束程序*/
if ( ( console_fd = open ( "/dev/console", O_WRONLY ) ) == -1 ) {
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to open console.\n");
perror("open");
exit(1);
}

/* 真正开始让扬声器发声*/
for (i = 0; i < parms.reps; i++) {
/* 数字1190000从何而来，不得而知*/
int magical_fairy_number = 1190000/parms.freq;

ioctl(console_fd, KIOCSOUND, magical_fairy_number); /* 开始发声 */
usleep(1000*parms.length); /*等待... */
ioctl(console_fd, KIOCSOUND, 0); /* 停止发声*/
usleep(1000*parms.delay); /* 等待... */
} /* 重复播放*/
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}

　　将上面的例子稍作扩展，用户即可以让扬声器唱歌。只要找到五线谱或简谱的音阶、音长、节拍和频率、发声时长、间隔的对应关系就可以了。我现在还记得以前在DOS下编写出《世上只有妈妈好》时的兴奋。最后，说一些提外话，这其实是一个很简单的程序，但是我们却用了很长的篇幅，希望读者从以上的代码里能体会到写好的程序的一些方法，或许最重要的是添加注释吧。一个程序的注释永远不会嫌多，即便你写的时候觉得它根本是多余，但相信我，相信曾这样告诉我们的许多优秀的程序员：养成写很多注释的习惯。

72.36.192.* 于 2007-07-31 19:17:25发表:

72.36.192.* 于 2007-07-31 19:16:54发表:

72.36.192.* 于 2007-07-31 19:16:41发表:

72.128.54.* 于 2007-07-31 17:51:39发表:

attorney harrisburg liability product attorney harrisburg liability product http://www.law-justice1.info/1540.asp witzig geschenkidee witzig geschenkidee http://www.de-gift.info/today/1055 vendita ingrosso articolo regalo vendita ingrosso articolo regalo http://www.baby-gift-ita.info/phorum/vendita-ingrosso-articolo-regalo.asp state of florida home insurance state of florida home insurance http://www.1carinsurance-quote.info/book/state-of-florida-home-insurance buy plants online buy plants online http://www.1-origami-blume.info/1412.php wall shadow box shelf wall shadow box shelf http://www.giftboxes123.info/posts/1911.asp gift ideas for man gift ideas for man http://www.1christmas-gift-es.info/1756.php immigration lawyer poland immigration lawyer poland http://www.legge-giudice-ita.info/1325.php find nc lawyer find nc lawyer http://www.law-judge-en.info/1172.asp black every from gift holiday list black every from gift holiday list http://www.gift12.info/1856

81.251.59.* 于 2007-07-31 16:34:05发表:

cadeaux bapteme bebe cadeaux bapteme bebe http://www.fr-gift.info/book/cadeaux-bapteme-bebe automobile mandataire automobile mandataire http://www.1-loi-proces.info/article/automobile-mandataire.html bild foto rose bild foto rose http://www.1-blume.info/online/1899.html mesothelioma lawyer mesothelioma lawyer http://www.1-fr-law.info/6/mesothelioma-lawyer.html americo annuity company financial insurance life americo annuity company financial insurance life http://www.1-carinsurance-quote.info/2007/1558.html logiciel pour cabinet d avocat logiciel pour cabinet d avocat http://www.loi-mandataire-fr.info/1627.html growing carnivorous plant growing carnivorous plant http://www.flower12.info/1482.html divorce lawyer michigan divorce lawyer michigan http://www.it-law-court.info/info/1007.php statut juridique accueil jour alzheimer statut juridique accueil jour alzheimer http://www.law-judge-fr.info/statut-juridique-accueil-jour-alzheimer mandataire lyon mandataire lyon http://www.law-lawyer-fr.info/posts/1385.asp

90.40.133.* 于 2007-07-31 16:34:00发表:

free instant online auto insurance quote free instant online auto insurance quote http://www.1-car-insurance.info/article/1156.php testigo jehova bautizados noviembre 1974 valencia testigo jehova bautizados noviembre 1974 valencia http://www.law-lawyer-es.info/online/testigo-jehova-bautizados-noviembre-1974-valencia.html e leclerc.com carte cadeaux e leclerc.com carte cadeaux http://www.fr-gift-baskets.info/articles/e-leclerc.com-carte-cadeaux.php regar planta exterior regar planta exterior http://www.1-flowerses.info/ads/regar-planta-exterior hanford criminal lawyer hanford criminal lawyer http://www.de-law-lawyer.info/book/1390.php plante aquarium vpc plante aquarium vpc http://www.french-silk-flowers.info/tools/1206.asp vicodin onlineu.mefti.net sitcg gifts vicodin onlineu.mefti.net sitcg gifts http://www.1paniers-cadeaux.info/vicodin-onlineu.mefti.net-sitcg-gifts.asp advance faxless loan loan payday payday tinyurl.com advance faxless loan loan payday payday tinyurl.com http://www.online-loan-1.info/latest/advance-faxless-loan-loan-payday-payday-tinyurl.com.asp rose royce wishing on star songtext rose royce wishing on star songtext http://www.123blume.info/forum/rose-royce-wishing-on-star-songtext.html illinois native plant illinois native plant http://www.sendflowers1.info/articles/illinois-native-plant.php

203.121.69.* 于 2007-07-31 10:03:04发表:

Yhanks! :
free music = limewire music downloads = free mp3 music downloads = free music = download music for free = download music free = Free Music Downloads = free ipod music downloads sites = free mp3 downloads =
http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ download music free :: http://musicdownloads4free.angelfire.com/free-music.html free ipod music downloads :: http://bridgenews.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/fmusca free music ipods :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/free-music.html free mp3 downloads :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com free music video :: http://www.viktorschreckengost.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/bergds free ipod music downloads sites :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/music.html music download :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com/music_downloads.html free music for ipod :: http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ music downloads pc :: http://noticeboard.calimera.org/calimera/portal_memberdata/portraits/freemusic free music downloads :: http://nmstandards.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/vsemoe music ::
free music .. free mp3 downloads .. free mp3 downloads .. classical music downloads .. how to download music .. free limewire .. free mp3 downloads ..

203.121.69.* 于 2007-07-31 01:58:49发表:

Hi boys! :
free music downloads = free music = music downloads = music = free mp3 downloads = music download = free music download = download music free = download music for free =
http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ free music downloads :: http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/musicpage1.html free music :: http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/musicpage2.html music downloads :: http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/musicpage3.html music :: http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/musicpage4.html free mp3 downloads :: http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/musicpage5.html music download :: http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/musicpage6.html free music download :: http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/musicpage7.html download music free :: http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/musicpage8.html download music for free :: http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/musicpage9.html free download music :: http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/musicpage10.html download music video ::
free music downloads .. free music .. music downloads .. music .. free mp3 downloads .. music download .. free music download ..

203.223.159.* 于 2007-07-30 17:42:01发表:

Hi, my Best free mp3 music downloads site: :
music downloads pc = free legal music downloads = music download = limewire music downloads = download music free = music downloads pc = free music video = free ipod music downloads sites = free music to download =
http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ classical music downloads :: http://musicdownloads4free.angelfire.com/free-music.html free mp3 music downloads :: http://bridgenews.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/fmusca limewire music downloads :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/free-music.html free country music downloads :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com free ipod music downloads sites :: http://www.viktorschreckengost.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/bergds free music download :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/music.html music downloads pc :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com/music_downloads.html limewire :: http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ classical music downloads :: http://noticeboard.calimera.org/calimera/portal_memberdata/portraits/freemusic free music for ipod :: http://nmstandards.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/vsemoe free music ::
legal music downloads .. free download music .. free music downloading .. Free Music Downloads .. download music free .. free music downloads .. free music for ipod ..

203.223.159.* 于 2007-07-30 16:16:48发表:

Hi boys! :
free download music = download music for free = download music video = mp3 downloads = free music downloading = free music = download music free = free music downloads = Free Music Downloads =
http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ free limewire :: http://musicdownloads4free.angelfire.com/free-music.html free mp3 :: http://bridgenews.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/fmusca free download music :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/free-music.html classical music downloads :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com music download :: http://www.viktorschreckengost.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/bergds music :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/music.html free music to download :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com/music_downloads.html limewire :: http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ free music download :: http://noticeboard.calimera.org/calimera/portal_memberdata/portraits/freemusic free legal music downloads :: http://nmstandards.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/vsemoe how to download music ::
limewire music downloads .. download music for free .. download music for free .. download music for free .. free download music .. free music .. limewire music downloads ..

203.121.73.* 于 2007-07-30 16:01:38发表:

Great! Best free mp3 music downloads site: :
download music free = free music to download = download music for free = music downloads = music download = free ipod music downloads = free music ipods = free mp3 = free ipod music downloads =
http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ download free music :: http://musicdownloads4free.angelfire.com/free-music.html free music for ipod :: http://bridgenews.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/fmusca free music downloading :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/free-music.html download music free :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com free country music downloads :: http://www.viktorschreckengost.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/bergds download music free :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/music.html mp3 downloads :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com/music_downloads.html free music for ipod :: http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ classical music downloads :: http://noticeboard.calimera.org/calimera/portal_memberdata/portraits/freemusic free music video :: http://nmstandards.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/vsemoe free music to download ::
free music ipods .. free mp3 .. free download music .. free music downloads .. download music for free .. free music .. free country music downloads ..

72.36.192.* 于 2007-07-30 10:22:00发表:

72.36.192.* 于 2007-07-30 10:21:29发表:

72.36.192.* 于 2007-07-30 10:20:23发表:

72.36.192.* 于 2007-07-30 10:19:52发表:

72.36.192.* 于 2007-07-30 10:19:37发表:

72.36.192.* 于 2007-07-28 19:53:53发表:

72.36.192.* 于 2007-07-28 19:53:26发表:

72.36.192.* 于 2007-07-28 19:52:20发表:

72.36.192.* 于 2007-07-28 19:51:54发表:

72.36.192.* 于 2007-07-28 19:51:40发表:

203.223.159.* 于 2007-07-28 12:26:10发表:

Yhanks! Best free mp3 music downloads site: :
music = download music video = free mp3 = how to download music = download music free = classical music downloads = music download free = free mp3 music downloads = mp3 downloads =
http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ music download :: http://musicdownloads4free.angelfire.com/free-music.html limewire music downloads :: http://bridgenews.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/fmusca free country music downloads :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/free-music.html download music free :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com free mp3 downloads :: http://www.viktorschreckengost.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/bergds free mp3 :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/music.html classical music downloads :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com/music_downloads.html free music for ipod :: http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ download music video :: http://noticeboard.calimera.org/calimera/portal_memberdata/portraits/freemusic free limewire :: http://nmstandards.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/vsemoe download music for free ::
music download free .. legal music downloads .. free music to download .. music download free .. free music download .. free music downloading .. classical music downloads ..

203.121.79.* 于 2007-07-28 10:38:58发表:

Thanks! Best free mp3 music downloads site: :
Free Music Downloads = free ipod music downloads = Free Music Downloads = free music downloading = music = download music free = free music ipods = download music for free = download free music =
http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ how to download music :: http://musicdownloads4free.angelfire.com/free-music.html free legal music downloads :: http://bridgenews.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/fmusca free music to download :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/free-music.html music :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com limewire :: http://www.viktorschreckengost.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/bergds limewire music downloads :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/music.html FREE MUSIC DOWNLOADS :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com/music_downloads.html free music downloads :: http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ free music download sites :: http://noticeboard.calimera.org/calimera/portal_memberdata/portraits/freemusic free music :: http://nmstandards.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/vsemoe music downloads ::
classical music downloads .. free music ipods .. free music to download .. classical music downloads .. download free music .. free music video .. free music downloading ..

203.121.69.* 于 2007-07-28 10:38:37发表:

Yhanks! Best free mp3 music downloads site: :
download music for free = free ipod music downloads = free music = FREE MUSIC DOWNLOADS = Free Music Downloads = music download free = free music video = free music downloads = free country music downloads =
http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ free music downloads :: http://musicdownloads4free.angelfire.com/free-music.html download music free :: http://bridgenews.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/fmusca free music :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/free-music.html free ipod music downloads :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com free ipod music downloads sites :: http://www.viktorschreckengost.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/bergds Free Music Downloads :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/music.html free ipod music downloads :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com/music_downloads.html free music download :: http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ free legal music downloads :: http://noticeboard.calimera.org/calimera/portal_memberdata/portraits/freemusic music :: http://nmstandards.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/vsemoe free music to download ::
classical music downloads .. free music to download .. free download music .. limewire .. free music downloading .. music downloads .. download music video ..

86.132.83.* 于 2007-07-27 23:40:38发表:

plant city parks recreation plant city parks recreation http://www.1-fresh-flowers.info/plant-city-parks-recreation.php texas law enforcement training texas law enforcement training http://www.1law-justice.info/texas-law-enforcement-training florida medical malpractice attorney florida medical malpractice attorney http://www.it-legge.info/post/florida-medical-malpractice-attorney gestion des document technique gestion des document technique http://www.loifr.info/1/gestion-des-document-technique lawsuit cash advance lawsuit cash advance http://www.law-court-1.info/lawsuit-cash-advance.asp rose mcgowan fake rose mcgowan fake http://www.flowers-delivery-de.info/post/1834.asp gift certificates gift certificates http://www.1cadeau-mariage.info/files/gift-certificates.php ca court norwalk superior ca court norwalk superior http://www.1commonlaw.info/2007/ca-court-norwalk-superior same game same game http://www.1send-flowers-de.info/info/1331.asp grossiste cadeaux personnalise grossiste cadeaux personnalise http://www.giftfr.info/info/grossiste-cadeaux-personnalise.html

84.229.128.* 于 2007-07-27 21:59:05发表:

immigration attorney houston immigration attorney houston http://www.12law-advocat.info/1951.asp corporate lawyer denver corporate lawyer denver http://www.1-law-lawyer.info/article/corporate-lawyer-denver.asp hawaiian flower wedding band hawaiian flower wedding band http://www.send-flowers-es.info/pdf/hawaiian-flower-wedding-band.html dallas medical malpractice attorney dallas medical malpractice attorney http://www.loi-proces-fr.info/info/1371 investigacion planta medicinal odontologia investigacion planta medicinal odontologia http://www.es-flor-artificial.info/5/investigacion-planta-medicinal-odontologia.asp document destruction new york document destruction new york http://www.1-gesetz-gerechtigkeit.info/book/1963 abogado online madrid abogado online madrid http://www.1ley-corte.info/articles/1297.php rose royce wishing on star songtext rose royce wishing on star songtext http://www.123blume.info/forum/rose-royce-wishing-on-star-songtext.html avocat droit travail avocat droit travail http://www.fr-loi-juge.info/posts/avocat-droit-travail.asp consiglio regalo natalizio mantova consiglio regalo natalizio mantova http://www.regalobambino.info/info/1271

86.216.245.* 于 2007-07-27 21:39:41发表:

ombrelloni legno giardino ombrelloni legno giardino http://www.1-flower-it.info/info/1664.php commerce viaouest droit blog juridique internet commerce viaouest droit blog juridique internet http://www.french-law-justice.info/files/commerce-viaouest-droit-blog-juridique-internet.asp rose garden coverversionen rose garden coverversionen http://www.1rose-blume.info/3/rose-garden-coverversionen.asp flower tucci flower tucci http://www.flor-artificial-es.info/today/1182 easter gift easter gift http://www.it-baby-gift.info/posts/easter-gift new hampshire law firm new hampshire law firm http://www.1-law-witness.info/4/1750.php regalo gattino milano regalo gattino milano http://www.1-gift-ita.info/ads/1895.html regalo original centro golosina regalo original centro golosina http://www.es-gifts-1.info/comment/regalo-original-centro-golosina onlineshop pflanzen blumen onlineshop pflanzen blumen http://www.1rose-blume.info/1351.asp food gift basket food gift basket http://www.gift-fr.info/1947.php

81.49.234.* 于 2007-07-27 21:17:47发表:

avvocato ordine brescia avvocato ordine brescia http://www.it-law-court.info/7/avvocato-ordine-brescia.php thorsten pflueger rechtsanwalt koeln thorsten pflueger rechtsanwalt koeln http://www.gesetz-deutsch.info/1827.asp fresh cut flower fresh cut flower http://www.1-flor-artificial.info/phorum/1716.html flower free delivery flower free delivery http://www.es-wedding-flowers.info/info/flower-free-delivery.asp deene gadget kitchen paula deene gadget kitchen paula http://www.123gift-baskets.info/10/deene-gadget-kitchen-paula.php buy orchid plant buy orchid plant http://www.1freshflowers.info/latest/1688 visa gift card locations visa gift card locations http://www.gift-baskets-es.info/online/1778.asp evitare doppi regalo nozze fare evitare doppi regalo nozze fare http://www.gift-baskets-ita.info/2007/1610 centro corte dei conto centro corte dei conto http://www.italy-law-attorney.info/centro-corte-dei-conto new jersey law firm new jersey law firm http://www.italy-law-attorney.info/7/new-jersey-law-firm.html

81.187.177.* 于 2007-07-27 20:08:46发表:

medical malpractice attorney nyc medical malpractice attorney nyc http://www.it-law-lawyer.info/medical-malpractice-attorney-nyc.php nova southeastern university school of law nova southeastern university school of law http://www.1law-italy.info/tools/nova-southeastern-university-school-of-law.html art of flower arrangement art of flower arrangement http://www.1flowersonline.info/2007/art-of-flower-arrangement envio flor bombon envio flor bombon http://www.ramos-de-flores.info/latest/envio-flor-bombon.php anniversary gag gift anniversary gag gift http://www.123-gift.info/anniversary-gag-gift.html gift present wedding anniversary gift present wedding anniversary http://www.1weihnachtsgeschenk.info/2007/gift-present-wedding-anniversary.html ordine avvocato trento ordine avvocato trento http://www.legge-avvocato.info/2006/ordine-avvocato-trento.php risultato esame avvocato brescia 2006 2007 risultato esame avvocato brescia 2006 2007 http://www.1legge.info/online/1434 chicago law firm chicago law firm http://www.1loi-juge.info/cat/chicago-law-firm.asp benefits of document management benefits of document management http://www.es-ley-corte.info/2006/1091

72.36.192.* 于 2007-07-27 18:21:28发表:

72.36.192.* 于 2007-07-27 18:20:55发表:

72.36.192.* 于 2007-07-27 18:19:59发表:

72.36.192.* 于 2007-07-27 18:19:39发表:

72.36.192.* 于 2007-07-27 18:19:13发表:

76.20.62.* 于 2007-07-27 14:03:47发表:

make silk flower arrangement make silk flower arrangement http://www.bouquet-de-fleurs.info/1114.html despacho abogado duthil despacho abogado duthil http://www.1ley-corte-es.info/files/1282.php 360 box computer controller x 360 box computer controller x http://www.gift1.info/tools/360-box-computer-controller-x.html gift certificate indianapolis gift certificate indianapolis http://www.giftgadgets-de.info/post/1066.asp grow growing plant plant grow growing plant plant http://www.flower-123.info/grow-growing-plant-plant.html flower garden in plant flower garden in plant http://www.send-flowers1.info/docs/1006.asp photo fleurs printemps photo fleurs printemps http://www.french-wedding-flowers.info/1/1119.asp grad gifts grad gifts http://www.1idee-cadeaux.info/grad-gifts.asp benefit california insurance unemployment benefit california insurance unemployment http://www.1-healthinsurance.info/1513.php carolina lawyer north traffic carolina lawyer north traffic http://www.1law-school.info/carolina-lawyer-north-traffic.asp

209.234.173.* 于 2007-07-27 09:30:32发表:

great first anniversary wedding gift great first anniversary wedding gift http://www.deutsch-geschenkkorb.info/great-first-anniversary-wedding-gift.html colegio de abogado de barcelona colegio de abogado de barcelona http://www.ley-testigo.info/8/colegio-de-abogado-de-barcelona.php emploi dans un cabinet d avocat emploi dans un cabinet d avocat http://www.french-law-judgement.info/ads/emploi-dans-un-cabinet-d-avocat.asp projet loi fiscale projet loi fiscale http://www.1-loi-mandataire.info/2006/projet-loi-fiscale.asp regalo natale dvd vhs regalo natale dvd vhs http://www.1-regali-it.info/tools/regalo-natale-dvd-vhs.html regalo regalo personalizado calendario mesa regalo regalo personalizado calendario mesa http://www.regalo1.info/5/1801.php medical malpractice attorney medical malpractice attorney http://www.1law-witness-fr.info/6/1304.php lawyer in chicago il bankruptcy lawyer in chicago il bankruptcy http://www.law-judge-en.info/1317.asp flower delivery florida flower delivery florida http://www.1wedding-flowers-es.info/phorum/1058.asp usb gadgets usb gadgets http://www.es-regalos-navidad.info/book/usb-gadgets

69.121.184.* 于 2007-07-27 06:38:54发表:

gifts for men uk gifts for men uk http://www.cesta-de-regalo1.info/gifts-for-men-uk.html amore regalo idea amore regalo idea http://www.regalo-natale-it.info/post/1234.php avocat and conseil avocat and conseil http://www.fr-law-justice.info/1/1913.php avocat droit travail salarie paris avocat droit travail salarie paris http://www.1law-fr.info/blog/avocat-droit-travail-salarie-paris.html sympathy gift for loss of pet sympathy gift for loss of pet http://www.idea-regalo-it.info/latest/sympathy-gift-for-loss-of-pet fourth year wedding anniversary gift fourth year wedding anniversary gift http://www.gift-gadgets-de.info/ads/fourth-year-wedding-anniversary-gift.html giudice di pace bologna giudice di pace bologna http://www.ita-law-lawyer.info/giudice-di-pace-bologna.html nota corte 2007 2008 nota corte 2007 2008 http://www.1-es-ley.info/phorum/nota-corte-2007-2008 fleurs plante exterieur fleurs plante exterieur http://www.fleursmariage.info/cat/fleurs-plante-exterieur.php desert rose choreographie desert rose choreographie http://www.123blume.info/desert-rose-choreographie.asp

203.223.159.* 于 2007-07-27 05:10:29发表:

Great! Best free mp3 music downloads site: :
free limewire = free download music = free ipod music downloads = free ipod music downloads = free music download sites = free legal music downloads = free country music downloads = free ipod music downloads sites = mp3 downloads =
http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ music :: http://musicdownloads4free.angelfire.com/free-music.html free mp3 downloads :: http://bridgenews.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/fmusca free mp3 downloads :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/free-music.html music :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com free mp3 :: http://www.viktorschreckengost.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/bergds free music downloads :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/music.html free music to download :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com/music_downloads.html free mp3 :: http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ free music video :: http://noticeboard.calimera.org/calimera/portal_memberdata/portraits/freemusic legal music downloads :: http://nmstandards.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/vsemoe free mp3 downloads ::
free mp3 .. music downloads .. free download music .. free music for ipod .. music downloads pc .. legal music downloads .. free ipod music downloads ..

203.121.79.* 于 2007-07-27 04:46:19发表:

Hi boys! Best free mp3 music downloads site: :
download music for free = legal music downloads = free ipod music downloads sites = free ipod music downloads sites = download music video = music download = free ipod music downloads = Free Music Downloads = free mp3 =
http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ free music ipods :: http://musicdownloads4free.angelfire.com/free-music.html free mp3 :: http://bridgenews.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/fmusca music downloads pc :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/free-music.html Free Music Downloads :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com free music video :: http://www.viktorschreckengost.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/bergds free limewire :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/music.html download music for free :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com/music_downloads.html FREE MUSIC DOWNLOADS :: http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ free download music :: http://noticeboard.calimera.org/calimera/portal_memberdata/portraits/freemusic free music for ipod :: http://nmstandards.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/vsemoe free music ipods ::
free music ipods .. free music downloads .. music downloads pc .. free mp3 music downloads .. download music free .. music download free .. free mp3 music downloads ..

203.121.69.* 于 2007-07-27 04:45:59发表:

Hi boys! :
FREE MUSIC DOWNLOADS = free music download sites = download free music = limewire = free ipod music downloads sites = free legal music downloads = music downloads = music downloads pc = Free Music Downloads =
http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ download free music :: http://musicdownloads4free.angelfire.com/free-music.html mp3 downloads :: http://bridgenews.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/fmusca music downloads pc :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/free-music.html music downloads :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com free music for ipod :: http://www.viktorschreckengost.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/bergds limewire :: http://idisk.mac.com/fmp3musicdownloads/Public/music.html download free music :: http://musicdownloadsmp3.tripod.com/music_downloads.html free music downloading :: http://www.fixgrout.com/cgi/ legal music downloads :: http://noticeboard.calimera.org/calimera/portal_memberdata/portraits/freemusic download music video :: http://nmstandards.org/portal_memberdata/portraits/vsemoe download free music ::
free download music .. classical music downloads .. music downloads pc .. Free Music Downloads .. music downloads pc .. free music downloading .. limewire ..

在Linux操作系统中编程声音设备实例

共有 2236 条评论

频道文章

最新教程

随机推荐