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UNIX下用DD做磁盘完整拷贝

发布时间:2006-10-29 21:51:40来源:红联作者:novemberfa
　　UNIX系统下一般用DD做整盘拷贝，通常是为了做系统盘的备份，条件是要求源盘和目的盘必须同型号和大小，尤其是容量必须一致。现在以SOLARIS系统为例，简述一下操作方法。
　　软、硬件环境：SUN 450，操作系统为SOLARIS7。
　　准备工作：在确定切断电源的情况下，将要复制的目的盘安装到机器上，要保证和要复制的源盘的一致性。
　　实现过程：用CD ROM启动系统后，确保源盘上无数据交换发生。查看系统中的硬盘设备：
引用:
# format
Searching for disks...done
AVAILABLE DISK SELECTIONS:
0. c0t0d0 %26lt;SUN9.0G cyl 4924 alt 2 hd 27 sec 133%26gt;;
/pci@1f,4000/scsi@3/sd@0,0
1. c0t2d0 %26lt;SUN18G cyl 7506 alt 2 hd 19 sec 248%26gt;;
/pci@1f,4000/scsi@3/sd@2,0
2. c0t3d0 %26lt;SUN18G cyl 7506 alt 2 hd 19 sec 248%26gt;;
/pci@1f,4000/scsi@3/sd@3,0

　　可以看到三个盘中，有两个是18G的，并且格式一致，假定源盘为c0t2d0，目的盘c0t3d0,，将前者完全复制到后者的命令如下：
引用:
#dd if=/dev/dsk/c0t2d0s2 of=/dev/rdsk/c0t3d0s2

　　一定要确定好哪是源盘，哪个是目的盘，否则就会造成严重后果。
　　if后边是源盘设备，of后边是目的盘，设备串最后的2代表整盘拷贝。几个小时左右，拷贝工作结束，系统回到#状态，出现拷贝完成的信息：
引用:
35368272+0 records in
35368272+0 records out

　　（如果要复制的盘为36G，那么用的时间就是上述操作的2倍，所以DD拷贝效率是很低的，但最可靠，尤其是将隐型文件全部复制，一般的拷贝命令做不到这一点）。
　　然后停机：
引用:
#halt

　　关电后，将备份盘取出，替换源盘，重新启动系统，测试备份是否成功。
　　有时出现重新检查磁盘块的提示，出现块错误检查并修复完成的信息，这是正常的，不影响系统运行。若再启动系统时，就不会提示上述信息。
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