ºìÁªLinuxÃÅ»§
Linux°ïÖú

ÔÚLinuxÏÂÅúÁ¿Ìí¼ÓÓû§µÄ²Ù×÷Á÷³Ì

·¢²¼Ê±¼ä:2014-03-19 21:42:12À´Ô´:ºìÁª×÷Õß:tioced
ѧϰ²Î¿¼¡£

Ò»¡¢ÔÚLinuxϵͳÖÐΪʲôÐèÒª´óÅúÁ¿Ìí¼ÓÓû§£»

ÎÒÃÇʲôʱºò²ÅÐèÒª´óÅúÁ¿Ìí¼ÓÓû§ÄØ£¿ÓÐʱÎÒÃÇÐèÒªÈü¸Ê®¸ö»ò¸ü¶àµÄÓû§ÔÚÖ÷»úÉÏÍê³ÉÏàͬ»òÏàËƵÄÈÎÎñ£¬±ÈÈçÎÒÃÇÏëͬʱÌí¼ÓÒ»¶ÑµÄftp Óû§£¬ÕâЩftpÓû§¹éÊôͬһ×飬µ«²»ÔÊÐíËûÃÇͨ¹ýÖն˻òÔ¶³ÌµÇ¼·þÎñÆ÷£»ÓÐʱÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÄÜΪÁ˽Ìѧ£¬±ÈÈçÎÒÃÇÓÐ50¸öѧÉú£¬²¢ÇÒÿ¸öѧÉúÔÚ·þÎñÆ÷ÉÏÓÐÒ»¸ö¶ÀÁ¢µÄÓû§Ãû£¬ÄܵǼϵͳ£¬²¢ÄܹÜÀí×Ô¼ºµÄÕʺŻòÍê³ÉһЩÔÚ×Ô¼ºÈ¨ÏÞϵÄ×÷Òµ£»

¶þ¡¢ÔÚLinuxϵͳÖÐÅúÁ¿Óû§Ìí¼ÓÁ÷³Ì£»

ÅúÁ¿ÌíÖÐÓû§Á÷³ÌÊÇͨ¹ýnewusers µ¼ÈëÒ»¸öÑϸñ°´ÕÕ/etc/passwd µÄÊéд¸ñʽÀ´ÊéдÄÚÈݵÄÎļþÀ´Íê³ÉÌí¼ÓÓû§£¬È»ºóͨ¹ýchpasswd µ¼ÈëÓû§ÃÜÂëÎļþÀ´Íê³ÉÅúÁ¿¸üÐÂÓû§ÃÜÂëµÄ¹ý³Ì£»

1¡¢newusers ³ÉÅúÌí¼ÓÓû§µÄ¹¤¾ß£»

ÆäÓ÷¨ºÜ¼òµ¥£¬newusers ºóÃæÖ±½Ó¸úÒ»¸öÎļþ£»Îļþ¸ñʽºÍ/etc/passwd µÄ¸ñʽÏàͬ£»

Óû§Ãû1:x:UID:GID:Óû§ËµÃ÷:Óû§µÄ¼ÒĿ¼:ËùÓÃSHELL

¾ÙÀý£º

win00:x:520:520::/home/win00:/sbin/nologin

win01:x:521:521::/home/win01:/sbin/nologin

......

ÖµµÃÒ»ÌáµÄÊǹØÓÚSHELLÀàÐÍ£¬²é¿´Ö÷»úÉÏËùÓÐSHELL £¬¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýchsh À´²é¿´£»

[root@localhost beinan]# chsh --list

/bin/sh

/bin/bash

/sbin/nologin

/bin/ksh

/bin/tcsh

/bin/csh

/bin/zsh

ÆäÖгýÁË/sbin/nologin £¬ÆäËüÀàÐ͵ÄSHELL ¶¼ÄܵǼϵͳ£»nologin ´ó¶àÊÇÐéÄâÓû§ÓõÄSHELL £¬Ò²¾ÍÊÇ˵ËäÈ»ËûÊÇϵͳÓû§£¬µ«Ëû²¢Î޵ǼϵͳµÄȨÏÞ£»Èç¹ûÄúÏëÌí¼ÓÕâÀàÓû§£¬¾Í°ÑËûµÄSHELL ÉèÖóÉ/sbin/nologin £¬±ÈÈçÉÏÃæµÄÀý×Ó£»

¹ØÓÚÓû§Ãû¡¢UID¡¢GID¼°Óû§µÄ¼ÒĿ¼ÊÇÔõô»ØÊ£¬Äú¿ÉÒÔ¶ÁÏàÓ¦µÄ²Î¿¼Îĵµ£»

2¡¢chpasswd ÅúÁ¿¸üÐÂÓû§¿ÚÁ¾ß£»

chpasswd ¹¤¾ßÊdzÉÅú¸üÐÂÓû§¿ÚÁîµÄ¹¤¾ß£¬ÊÇ°ÑÒ»¸öÎļþÄÚÈÝÖØж¨ÏòÌí¼Óµ½/etc/shadowÖУ»

chpasswd Èý¡¢ÅúÁ¿Ìí¼ÓÓû§ÊµÀý£»

1¡¢Ê×ÏÈÎÒÃÇ´´½¨Óû§ÎļþºÍÃÜÂëÎļþ£»

ÎÒÃÇÒª´´½¨°üº¬ÐÂÓû§µÄÎļþuserfile.txt £»ÁíÒ»¸öÊÇΪÐÂÌí¼ÓµÄÓû§ÉèÖÃÃÜÂëµÄuserpwdfile.txt£»

[root@localhost ~]# touch userfile.txt

[root@localhost ~]# touch userpwdfile.txt

È»ºóÓÃÎı¾±à¼­Æ÷´ò¿ªÎļþuserfile.txt£¬Ìí¼ÓÈçÏÂÄÚÈÝ£»

win00:x:520:520::/home/win00:/sbin/nologin

win01:x:521:521::/home/win01:/sbin/nologin

win02:x:522:522::/home/win02:/sbin/nologin

win03:x:523:523::/home/win03:/sbin/nologin

win04:x:524:524::/home/win04:/sbin/nologin

win05:x:525:525::/home/win05:/sbin/nologin

win06:x:526:526::/home/win06:/sbin/nologin

win07:x:527:527::/home/win07:/sbin/nologin

win08:x:528:528::/home/win08:/sbin/nologin

win09:x:529:529::/home/win09:/sbin/nologin

userfile.txt ÎļþÄÚÈݸñʽºÍ /etc/passwd µÄ¸ñʽÊÇÒ»ÑùµÄ£¬±ØÐëÑϸñ°´ÕÕ/etc/passwd µÄ¸ñʽÀ´Êéд£»ÉÏÃæËùÌí¼ÓµÄÓû§¶¼²»ÄܵǼϵͳ£¬µ«ÍêÈ«ÄÜÓÃÓÚftpµÇ¼£¬µ«ÄúµÃÔÚÏàÓ¦ftp·þÎñÆ÷µÄÅäÖÃÎļþÖдò¿ªÈñ¾µØÓû§ÓжÁдȨÏÞ£»Èç¹ûÄúÏëÈÃÉÏÃæµÄ²¿·ÝÓû§¿ÉÒԵǼϵͳ£¬¿ÉÒÔ°ÑSHELLÀàËƸÄÒ»¸Ä£¬±ÈÈç¸Ä³É/bin/bash £»

ÎÒÃÇÔÙÀ´ÊéдÐÂÔöÓû§µÄÃÜÂëÎļþuserpwdfile.txtÄÚÈÝ£»Õâ¸öÎļþµÄÄÚÈÝÖеÄÓû§ÃûÒªÓë userfile.txtÓû§ÃûÏàͬ£»Ò²¾ÍÊÇ˵ÎÒÃÇÏÈÊÇÌí¼ÓÁËwin00µ½win09µÄÓû§£¬ÏÖÔÚҪΪÕâЩÓû§¸üÐÂÃÜÂ룻±ÈÈçÏÂÃæµÄ£»

win00:123456

win01:654321

win02:123321

win03:qweewq

win04:google

win05:adadwc

win06:wsscee

win07:xxec32

win08:543wew

win09:3ce3wf

2¡¢Í¨¹ýnewusersºÍchpasswd Íê³ÉÅúÁ¿Ìí¼ÓÓû§£»

[root@localhost ~]# newusers userfile.txt

[root@localhost ~]# chpasswd ËÄ¡¢ºó¼Ç£»

Óû§¹ÜÀí¾ÍËã²î²»¶àÍê³ÉÁË£¬µ½Ä¿Ç°ÎªÖ¹£¬ÎÒÒѾ­Ð´ÁËÁùƪ£¬ËäÈ»ÖÊÁ¿²»Ì«¸ß£¬µ«Ò²ËãÄܳƵÃÉϱȽÏϵͳ£»ÔÚÒÔºóµÄ¼¸ÌìÀÎÒҪдһдÎļþ¹ÜÀí£»½ø¶ÈÊÇÂýÁ˵㣬µ«»¹ÊÇÔÚ¼á³Ö×Å£»¼á³Ö¾ÍÊÇʤÀû£¬²»ÊÇÂð£¿
ÎÄÕÂÆÀÂÛ

¹²ÓÐ 0 ÌõÆÀÂÛ