1. ¸ÅÊö
±¾ÎÄÖ÷Òª°üÀ¨ÒÔϼ¸¸ö·½Ã棺±àÂë»ù±¾ÖªÊ¶£¬java£¬ÏµÍ³Èí¼þ£¬url£¬¹¤¾ßÈí¼þµÈ¡£
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2. ±àÂë»ù±¾ÖªÊ¶
×îÔçµÄ±àÂëÊÇiso8859-1£¬ºÍascii±àÂëÏàËÆ¡£µ«ÎªÁË·½±ã±íʾ¸÷ÖÖ¸÷ÑùµÄÓïÑÔ£¬Öð½¥³öÏÖÁ˺ܶà±ê×¼±àÂ룬ÖØÒªµÄÓÐÈçϼ¸¸ö¡£
2.1. iso8859-1
ÊôÓÚµ¥×Ö½Ú±àÂ룬×î¶àÄܱíʾµÄ×Ö·û·¶Î§ÊÇ0-255£¬Ó¦ÓÃÓÚÓ¢ÎÄϵÁС£±ÈÈ磬×Öĸ'a'µÄ±àÂëΪ0x61=97¡£
ºÜÃ÷ÏÔ£¬iso8859-1±àÂë±íʾµÄ×Ö·û·¶Î§ºÜÕ£¬ÎÞ·¨±íʾÖÐÎÄ×Ö·û¡£µ«ÊÇ£¬ÓÉÓÚÊǵ¥×Ö½Ú±àÂ룬ºÍ¼ÆËã»ú×î»ù´¡µÄ±íʾµ¥Î»Ò»Ö£¬ËùÒԺܶàʱºò£¬ÈÔ¾ÉʹÓÃiso8859-1±àÂëÀ´±íʾ¡£¶øÇÒÔںܶàÐÒéÉÏ£¬Ä¬ÈÏʹÓøñàÂë¡£±ÈÈ磬ËäÈ»"ÖÐÎÄ"Á½¸ö×Ö²»´æÔÚiso8859-1±àÂ룬ÒÔgb2312±àÂëΪÀý£¬Ó¦¸ÃÊÇ"d6d0 cec4"Á½¸ö×Ö·û£¬Ê¹ÓÃiso8859-1±àÂëµÄʱºòÔò½«Ëü²ð¿ªÎª4¸ö×Ö½ÚÀ´±íʾ£º"d6 d0 ce c4"£¨ÊÂʵÉÏ£¬ÔÚ½øÐд洢µÄʱºò£¬Ò²ÊÇÒÔ×Ö½ÚΪµ¥Î»´¦ÀíµÄ£©¡£¶øÈç¹ûÊÇUTF±àÂ룬ÔòÊÇ6¸ö×Ö½Ú"e4 b8 ad e6 96 87"¡£ºÜÃ÷ÏÔ£¬ÕâÖÖ±íʾ·½·¨»¹ÐèÒªÒÔÁíÒ»ÖÖ±àÂëΪ»ù´¡¡£
2.2. GB2312/GBK
Õâ¾ÍÊǺº×ӵĹú±êÂ룬רÃÅÓÃÀ´±íʾºº×Ö£¬ÊÇË«×Ö½Ú±àÂ룬¶øÓ¢ÎÄ×ÖĸºÍiso8859-1Ò»Ö£¨¼æÈÝiso8859-1±àÂ룩¡£ÆäÖÐgbk±àÂëÄܹ»ÓÃÀ´Í¬Ê±±íʾ·±Ìå×ֺͼòÌå×Ö£¬¶øgb2312Ö»Äܱíʾ¼òÌå×Ö£¬gbkÊǼæÈÝgb2312±àÂëµÄ¡£
2.3. unicode
ÕâÊÇ×îͳһµÄ±àÂ룬¿ÉÒÔÓÃÀ´±íʾËùÓÐÓïÑÔµÄ×Ö·û£¬¶øÇÒÊǶ¨³¤Ë«×Ö½Ú£¨Ò²ÓÐËÄ×ֽڵģ©±àÂ룬°üÀ¨Ó¢ÎÄ×ÖĸÔÚÄÚ¡£ËùÒÔ¿ÉÒÔ˵ËüÊDz»¼æÈÝiso8859-1±àÂëµÄ£¬Ò²²»¼æÈÝÈκαàÂë¡£²»¹ý£¬Ïà¶ÔÓÚiso8859-1±àÂëÀ´Ëµ£¬uniocode±àÂëÖ»ÊÇÔÚÇ°ÃæÔö¼ÓÁËÒ»¸ö0×Ö½Ú£¬±ÈÈç×Öĸ'a'Ϊ"00 61"¡£
ÐèҪ˵Ã÷µÄÊÇ£¬¶¨³¤±àÂë±ãÓÚ¼ÆËã»ú´¦Àí£¨×¢ÒâGB2312/GBK²»ÊǶ¨³¤±àÂ룩£¬¶øunicodeÓÖ¿ÉÒÔÓÃÀ´±íʾËùÓÐ×Ö·û£¬ËùÒÔÔںܶàÈí¼þÄÚ²¿ÊÇʹÓÃunicode±àÂëÀ´´¦ÀíµÄ£¬±ÈÈçjava¡£
2.4. UTF
¿¼Âǵ½unicode±àÂë²»¼æÈÝiso8859-1±àÂ룬¶øÇÒÈÝÒ×Õ¼Óøü¶àµÄ¿Õ¼ä£ºÒòΪ¶ÔÓÚÓ¢ÎÄ×Öĸ£¬unicodeÒ²ÐèÒªÁ½¸ö×Ö½ÚÀ´±íʾ¡£ËùÒÔunicode²»±ãÓÚ´«ÊäºÍ´æ´¢¡£Òò´Ë¶ø²úÉúÁËutf±àÂ룬utf±àÂë¼æÈÝiso8859-1±àÂ룬ͬʱҲ¿ÉÒÔÓÃÀ´±íʾËùÓÐÓïÑÔµÄ×Ö·û£¬²»¹ý£¬utf±àÂëÊDz»¶¨³¤±àÂ룬ÿһ¸ö×Ö·ûµÄ³¤¶È´Ó1-6¸ö×Ö½Ú²»µÈ¡£ÁíÍ⣬utf±àÂë×Ô´ø¼òµ¥µÄУÑ鹦ÄÜ¡£Ò»°ãÀ´½²£¬Ó¢ÎÄ×Öĸ¶¼ÊÇÓÃÒ»¸ö×Ö½Ú±íʾ£¬¶øºº×ÖʹÓÃÈý¸ö×Ö½Ú¡£
×¢Ò⣬ËäȻ˵utfÊÇΪÁËʹÓøüÉٵĿռä¶øʹÓõģ¬µ«ÄÇÖ»ÊÇÏà¶ÔÓÚunicode±àÂëÀ´Ëµ£¬Èç¹ûÒѾ֪µÀÊǺº×Ö£¬ÔòʹÓÃGB2312/GBKÎÞÒÉÊÇ×î½ÚÊ¡µÄ¡£²»¹ýÁíÒ»·½Ã棬ֵµÃ˵Ã÷µÄÊÇ£¬ËäÈ»utf±àÂë¶Ôºº×ÖʹÓÃ3¸ö×Ö½Ú£¬µ«¼´Ê¹¶ÔÓÚºº×ÖÍøÒ³£¬utf±àÂëÒ²»á±Èunicode±àÂë½ÚÊ¡£¬ÒòΪÍøÒ³Öаüº¬Á˺ܶàµÄÓ¢ÎÄ×Ö·û¡£
3. java¶Ô×Ö·ûµÄ´¦Àí
ÔÚjavaÓ¦ÓÃÈí¼þÖУ¬»áÓжദÉæ¼°µ½×Ö·û¼¯±àÂ룬ÓÐЩµØ·½ÐèÒª½øÐÐÕýÈ·µÄÉèÖã¬ÓÐЩµØ·½ÐèÒª½øÐÐÒ»¶¨³Ì¶ÈµÄ´¦Àí¡£
3.1. getBytes(charset)
ÕâÊÇjava×Ö·û´®´¦ÀíµÄÒ»¸ö±ê×¼º¯Êý£¬Æä×÷ÓÃÊǽ«×Ö·û´®Ëù±íʾµÄ×Ö·û°´ÕÕcharset±àÂ룬²¢ÒÔ×Ö½Ú·½Ê½±íʾ¡£×¢Òâ×Ö·û´®ÔÚjavaÄÚ´æÖÐ×ÜÊÇ°´unicode±àÂë´æ´¢µÄ¡£±ÈÈç"ÖÐÎÄ"£¬Õý³£Çé¿öÏ£¨¼´Ã»ÓдíÎóµÄʱºò£©´æ´¢Îª"4e2d 6587"£¬Èç¹ûcharsetΪ"gbk"£¬Ôò±»±àÂëΪ"d6d0 cec4"£¬È»ºó·µ»Ø×Ö½Ú"d6 d0 ce c4"¡£Èç¹ûcharsetΪ"utf8"Ôò×îºóÊÇ"e4 b8 ad e6 96 87"¡£Èç¹ûÊÇ"iso8859-1"£¬ÔòÓÉÓÚÎÞ·¨±àÂ룬×îºó·µ»Ø "3f 3f"£¨Á½¸öÎʺţ©¡£
3.2. new String(charset)
ÕâÊÇjava×Ö·û´®´¦ÀíµÄÁíÒ»¸ö±ê×¼º¯Êý£¬ºÍÉÏÒ»¸öº¯ÊýµÄ×÷ÓÃÏà·´£¬½«×Ö½ÚÊý×é°´ÕÕcharset±àÂë½øÐÐ×éºÏʶ±ð£¬×îºóת»»Îªunicode´æ´¢¡£²Î¿¼ÉÏÊögetBytesµÄÀý×Ó£¬"gbk" ºÍ"utf8"¶¼¿ÉÒԵóöÕýÈ·µÄ½á¹û"4e2d 6587"£¬µ«iso8859-1×îºó±ä³ÉÁË"003f 003f"£¨Á½¸öÎʺţ©¡£
ÒòΪutf8¿ÉÒÔÓÃÀ´±íʾ/±àÂëËùÓÐ×Ö·û£¬ËùÒÔnew String( str.getBytes( "utf8" ), "utf8" ) === str£¬¼´ÍêÈ«¿ÉÄæ¡£
3.3. setCharacterEncoding()
¸Ãº¯ÊýÓÃÀ´ÉèÖÃhttpÇëÇó»òÕßÏàÓ¦µÄ±àÂë¡£
¶ÔÓÚrequest£¬ÊÇÖ¸Ìá½»ÄÚÈݵıàÂ룬ָ¶¨ºó¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýgetParameter()ÔòÖ±½Ó»ñµÃÕýÈ·µÄ×Ö·û´®£¬Èç¹û²»Ö¸¶¨£¬ÔòĬÈÏʹÓÃiso8859-1±àÂ룬ÐèÒª½øÒ»²½´¦Àí¡£²Î¼ûÏÂÊö"±íµ¥ÊäÈë"¡£ÖµµÃ×¢ÒâµÄÊÇÔÚÖ´ÐÐsetCharacterEncoding()֮ǰ£¬²»ÄÜÖ´ÐÐÈκÎgetParameter()¡£java docÉÏ˵Ã÷£ºThis method must be called prior to reading request parameters or reading input using getReader()¡£¶øÇÒ£¬¸ÃÖ¸¶¨Ö»¶ÔPOST·½·¨ÓÐЧ£¬¶ÔGET·½·¨ÎÞЧ¡£·ÖÎöÔÒò£¬Ó¦¸ÃÊÇÔÚÖ´ÐеÚÒ»¸ögetParameter()µÄʱºò£¬java½«»á°´ÕÕ±àÂë·ÖÎöËùÓеÄÌá½»ÄÚÈÝ£¬¶øºóÐøµÄgetParameter()²»ÔÙ½øÐзÖÎö£¬ËùÒÔsetCharacterEncoding()ÎÞЧ¡£¶ø¶ÔÓÚGET·½·¨Ìá½»±íµ¥ÊÇ£¬Ìá½»µÄÄÚÈÝÔÚURLÖУ¬Ò»¿ªÊ¼¾ÍÒѾ°´ÕÕ±àÂë·ÖÎöËùÓеÄÌá½»ÄÚÈÝ£¬setCharacterEncoding()×ÔÈ»¾ÍÎÞЧ¡£
¶ÔÓÚresponse£¬ÔòÊÇÖ¸¶¨Êä³öÄÚÈݵıàÂ룬ͬʱ£¬¸ÃÉèÖûᴫµÝ¸øä¯ÀÀÆ÷£¬¸æËßä¯ÀÀÆ÷Êä³öÄÚÈÝËù²ÉÓõıàÂë¡£
3.4. ´¦Àí¹ý³Ì
ÏÂÃæ·ÖÎöÁ½¸öÓдú±íÐÔµÄÀý×Ó£¬ËµÃ÷java¶Ô±àÂëÓйØÎÊÌâµÄ´¦Àí·½·¨¡£
3.4.1. ±íµ¥ÊäÈë
User input *(gbk:d6d0 cec4) browser *(gbk:d6d0 cec4) web server iso8859-1(00d6 00d 000ce 00c4) class£¬ÐèÒªÔÚclassÖнøÐд¦Àí£ºgetbytes("iso8859-1")Ϊd6 d0 ce c4£¬new String("gbk")Ϊd6d0 cec4£¬ÄÚ´æÖÐÒÔunicode±àÂëÔòΪ4e2d 6587¡£
l Óû§ÊäÈëµÄ±àÂ뷽ʽºÍÒ³ÃæÖ¸¶¨µÄ±àÂëÓйأ¬Ò²ºÍÓû§µÄ²Ù×÷ϵͳÓйأ¬ËùÒÔÊDz»È·¶¨µÄ£¬ÉÏÀýÒÔgbkΪÀý¡£
´Óbrowserµ½web server£¬¿ÉÒÔÔÚ±íµ¥ÖÐÖ¸¶¨Ìá½»ÄÚÈÝʱʹÓõÄ×Ö·û¼¯£¬·ñÔò»áʹÓÃÒ³ÃæÖ¸¶¨µÄ±àÂë¡£¶øÈç¹ûÔÚurlÖÐÖ±½ÓÓÃ?µÄ·½Ê½ÊäÈë²ÎÊý£¬ÔòÆä±àÂëÍùÍùÊDzÙ×÷ϵͳ±¾ÉíµÄ±àÂ룬ÒòΪÕâʱºÍÒ³ÃæÎ޹ء£ÉÏÊöÈÔ¾ÉÒÔgbk±àÂëΪÀý¡£
Web server½ÓÊÕµ½µÄÊÇ×Ö½ÚÁ÷£¬Ä¬ÈÏʱ£¨getParameter£©»áÒÔiso8859-1±àÂë´¦ÀíÖ®£¬½á¹ûÊDz»ÕýÈ·µÄ£¬ËùÒÔÐèÒª½øÐд¦Àí¡£µ«Èç¹ûÔ¤ÏÈÉèÖÃÁ˱àÂ루ͨ¹ýrequest. setCharacterEncoding ()£©£¬ÔòÄܹ»Ö±½Ó»ñÈ¡µ½ÕýÈ·µÄ½á¹û¡£
ÔÚÒ³ÃæÖÐÖ¸¶¨±àÂëÊǸöºÃÏ°¹ß£¬·ñÔò¿ÉÄÜʧȥ¿ØÖÆ£¬ÎÞ·¨Ö¸¶¨ÕýÈ·µÄ±àÂë¡£
east_yan ÓÚ 2006-09-02 10:56:53·¢±í:
xie
east_yan ÓÚ 2006-09-02 10:56:23·¢±í:
good
soylo ÓÚ 2006-09-01 00:43:32·¢±í:
5.3. URLEncode.encode()
=(byte)0xc0) return false;
ÕâÊÇJava±¾ÉíÌṩ¶ÔµÄURL±àÂ뺯Êý£¬Íê³ÉµÄ¹¤×÷ºÍÉÏÊöUTF-8Ñ¡ÏîÓÐЧʱä¯ÀÀÆ÷Ëù×öµÄ¹¤×÷ÏàËÆ¡£ÖµµÃ˵Ã÷µÄÊÇ£¬javaÒѾ²»Ô޳ɲ»Ö¸¶¨±àÂëÀ´Ê¹Óø÷½·¨£¨deprecated£©¡£Ó¦¸ÃÔÚʹÓõÄʱºòÔö¼Ó±àÂëÖ¸¶¨¡£
µ±²»Ö¸¶¨±àÂëµÄʱºò£¬¸Ã·½·¨Ê¹ÓÃϵͳĬÈϱàÂ룬Õâ»áµ¼ÖÂÈí¼þÔËÐнá¹ûµÃ²»È·¶¨¡£±ÈÈç¶ÔÓÚ"ÖÐÎÄ"£¬µ±ÏµÍ³Ä¬ÈϱàÂëΪ"gb2312"ʱ£¬½á¹ûÊÇ"%4e%2d%65%87"£¬¶øĬÈϱàÂëΪ"UTF-8"£¬½á¹ûÈ´ÊÇ"%e4%b8%ad%e6%96%87"£¬ºóÐø³ÌÐò½«ÄÑÒÔ´¦Àí¡£ÁíÍ⣬Õâ¶ù˵µÄϵͳĬÈϱàÂëÊÇÓÉÔËÐÐtomcatʱµÄ»·¾³±äÁ¿LC_ALLºÍLANGµÈ¾ö¶¨µÄ£¬Ôø¾³öÏÖ¹ýtomcatÖØÆôºó¾Í³öÏÖÂÒÂëµÄÎÊÌ⣬×îºó²ÅÓôÃƵķ¢ÏÖÊÇÒòΪÐÞ¸ÄÐÞ¸ÄÁËÕâÁ½¸ö»·¾³±äÁ¿¡£
½¨Òéͳһָ¶¨Îª"UTF-8"±àÂ룬¿ÉÄÜÐèÒªÐÞ¸ÄÏàÓ¦µÄ³ÌÐò¡£
5.4. Ò»¸ö½â¾ö·½°¸
ÉÏÃæ˵Æð¹ý£¬ÒòΪä¯ÀÀÆ÷ÉèÖõIJ»Í¬£¬¶ÔÓÚͬһ¸öÁ´½Ó£¬web serverÊÕµ½µÄÊDz»Í¬ÄÚÈÝ£¬¶øÈí¼þϵͳÓÐÎÞ·¨ÖªµÀÕâÖмäµÄÇø±ð£¬ËùÒÔÕâÒ»ÐÒéÄ¿Ç°»¹´æÔÚȱÏÝ¡£
Õë¶Ô¾ßÌåÎÊÌ⣬²»Ó¦¸Ã½ÄÐÒÈÏΪËùÓпͻ§µÄIEÉèÖö¼ÊÇUTF-8ÓÐЧµÄ£¬Ò²²»Ó¦¸Ã´Ö±©µÄ½¨ÒéÓû§ÐÞ¸ÄIEÉèÖã¬ÒªÖªµÀ£¬Óû§²»¿ÉÄÜÈ¥¼Çסÿһ¸öweb serverµÄÉèÖá£ËùÒÔ£¬½ÓÏÂÀ´µÄ½â¾ö°ì·¨¾ÍÖ»ÄÜÊÇÈÃ×Ô¼ºµÄ³ÌÐò¶àÒ»µãÖÇÄÜ£º¸ù¾ÝÄÚÈÝÀ´·ÖÎö±àÂëÊÇ·ñUTF-8¡£
±È½ÏÐÒÔ˵ÄÊÇUTF-8±àÂëÏ൱ÓйæÂÉ£¬ËùÒÔ¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ý·ÖÎö´«Êä¹ýÀ´µÄÁ´½ÓÄÚÈÝ£¬À´ÅжÏÊÇ·ñÊÇÕýÈ·µÄUTF-8×Ö·û£¬Èç¹ûÊÇ£¬ÔòÒÔUTF-8´¦ÀíÖ®£¬Èç¹û²»ÊÇ£¬ÔòʹÓÿͻ§Ä¬ÈϱàÂ루±ÈÈç"GBK"£©£¬ÏÂÃæÊÇÒ»¸öÅжÏÊÇ·ñUTF-8µÄÀý×Ó£¬Èç¹ûÄãÁ˽âÏàÓ¦¹æÂÉ£¬¾ÍÈÝÒ×Àí½â¡£
public static boolean isValidUtf8(byte[] b,int aMaxCount){
int lLen=b.length,lCharCount=0;
for(int i=0;i
byte lByte=b[i++];//to fast operation, ++ now, ready for the following for(;;)
if(lByte>=0) continue;//>=0 is normal ascii
if(lByte<(byte)0xc0 || lByte>(byte)0xfd) return false;
int lCount=lByte>(byte)0xfc?5:lByte>(byte)0xf8?4
:lByte>(byte)0xf0?3:lByte>(byte)0xe0?2:1;
if(i+lCount>lLen) return false;
for(int j=0;j
}
return true;
}
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public static String getUrlParam(String aStr,String aDefaultCharset)
throws UnsupportedEncodingException{
if(aStr==null) return null;
byte[] lBytes=aStr.getBytes("ISO-8859-1");
return new String(lBytes,StringUtil.isValidUtf8(lBytes)?"utf8":aDefaultCharset);
}
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6. ÆäËü
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6.1. SecureCRT
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