在Fedora 16 和 CentOS 下面配置OpenCV，由于不同主机装的软件的都不一样，所以不能一概而论。
大概需要的开发套件：
pkgconfig libpng zlib libjpeg libtiff libjasper
ffmepeg GTK+ 的基本库(这里可选，用到的时候再装也行)
下面是我的主机安装配置OpenCV。
opencv 下载 http://sourceforge.net/projects/opencvlibrary/files/opencv-unix/2.2/
在CentOS和Fedora 16下面，一般都把用户的软件装在 /usr/local/xxx 下面
$ cp OpenCV-2.4.0.tar.bz2 /usr/local/
$ tar -xvf OpenCV-2.4.0.tar.bz2
$ cd OpenCV-2.4.0
2.4.0的下面是以CMakeLists.txt形式
$ yum install cmake
$ cmake CMakeLists.txt
$ make && make install
OpenCV 会安装在 /usr/local/lib 目录和 /usr/local/include/opencv/
环境变量配置
$ vim /etc/ld.so.conf
最后一行加入 /usr/local/lib
$ ldconfig
或者
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib
OpenCV测试：
#ifdef _CH_
#pragma package <opencv>
#endif
#define CV_NO_BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
#ifndef _EiC
#include "cv.h"
#include "highgui.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#endif
#define NUMBER 100
#define DELAY 5
char wndname[] = "Drawing Demo";
CvScalar random_color(CvRNG* rng)
{
int icolor = cvRandInt(rng);
return CV_RGB(icolor&255, (icolor>>8)&255, (icolor>>16)&255);
}
int main( int argc, char** argv )
{
int line_type = CV_AA; // change it to 8 to see non-antialiased graphics
int i;
CvPoint pt1,pt2;
double angle;
CvSize sz;
CvPoint ptt[6];
CvPoint* pt[2];
int arr[2];
CvFont font;
CvRNG rng;
int width = 1000, height = 700;
int width3 = width*3, height3 = height*3;
CvSize text_size;
int ymin = 0;
// Load the source image
IplImage* image = cvCreateImage( cvSize(width,height), 8, 3 );
IplImage* image2;
// Create a window
cvNamedWindow(wndname, 1 );
cvZero( image );
cvShowImage(wndname,image);
cvWaitKey(DELAY);
rng = cvRNG((unsigned)-1);
pt[0] = &(ptt[0]);
pt[1] = &(ptt[3]);
arr[0] = 3;
arr[1] = 3;
for (i = 0; i< NUMBER; i++)
{
pt1.x=cvRandInt(&rng) % width3 - width;
pt1.y=cvRandInt(&rng) % height3 - height;
pt2.x=cvRandInt(&rng) % width3 - width;
pt2.y=cvRandInt(&rng) % height3 - height;
cvLine( image, pt1, pt2, random_color(&rng), cvRandInt(&rng)%10, line_type, 0 );
cvShowImage(wndname,image);
if(cvWaitKey(DELAY) >= 0) return 0;
}
for (i = 0; i< NUMBER; i++)
{
pt1.x=cvRandInt(&rng) % width3 - width;
pt1.y=cvRandInt(&rng) % height3 - height;
pt2.x=cvRandInt(&rng) % width3 - width;
pt2.y=cvRandInt(&rng) % height3 - height;
cvRectangle( image,pt1, pt2, random_color(&rng), cvRandInt(&rng)%10-1, line_type, 0 );
cvShowImage(wndname,image);
if(cvWaitKey(DELAY) >= 0) return 0;
}
for (i = 0; i< NUMBER; i++)
{
pt1.x=cvRandInt(&rng) % width3 - width;
pt1.y=cvRandInt(&rng) % height3 - height;
sz.width =cvRandInt(&rng)%200;
sz.height=cvRandInt(&rng)%200;
angle = (cvRandInt(&rng)%1000)*0.180;
cvEllipse( image, pt1, sz, angle, angle - 100, angle + 200,
random_color(&rng), cvRandInt(&rng)%10-1, line_type, 0 );
cvShowImage(wndname,image);
if(cvWaitKey(DELAY) >= 0) return 0;
}
for (i = 0; i< NUMBER; i++)
{
pt[0][0].x=cvRandInt(&rng) % width3 - width;
pt[0][0].y=cvRandInt(&rng) % height3 - height;
pt[0][1].x=cvRandInt(&rng) % width3 - width;
pt[0][1].y=cvRandInt(&rng) % height3 - height;
pt[0][2].x=cvRandInt(&rng) % width3 - width;
pt[0][2].y=cvRandInt(&rng) % height3 - height;
pt[1][0].x=cvRandInt(&rng) % width3 - width;
pt[1][0].y=cvRandInt(&rng) % height3 - height;
pt[1][1].x=cvRandInt(&rng) % width3 - width;
pt[1][1].y=cvRandInt(&rng) % height3 - height;
pt[1][2].x=cvRandInt(&rng) % width3 - width;
pt[1][2].y=cvRandInt(&rng) % height3 - height;
cvPolyLine( image, pt, arr, 2, 1, random_color(&rng), cvRandInt(&rng)%10, line_type, 0 );
cvShowImage(wndname,image);
if(cvWaitKey(DELAY) >= 0) return 0;
}
for (i = 0; i< NUMBER; i++)
{
pt[0][0].x=cvRandInt(&rng) % width3 - width;
pt[0][0].y=cvRandInt(&rng) % height3 - height;
pt[0][1].x=cvRandInt(&rng) % width3 - width;
pt[0][1].y=cvRandInt(&rng) % height3 - height;
pt[0][2].x=cvRandInt(&rng) % width3 - width;
pt[0][2].y=cvRandInt(&rng) % height3 - height;
pt[1][0].x=cvRandInt(&rng) % width3 - width;
pt[1][0].y=cvRandInt(&rng) % height3 - height;
pt[1][1].x=cvRandInt(&rng) % width3 - width;
pt[1][1].y=cvRandInt(&rng) % height3 - height;
pt[1][2].x=cvRandInt(&rng) % width3 - width;
pt[1][2].y=cvRandInt(&rng) % height3 - height;
cvFillPoly( image, pt, arr, 2, random_color(&rng), line_type, 0 );
cvShowImage(wndname,image);
if(cvWaitKey(DELAY) >= 0) return 0;
}
for (i = 0; i< NUMBER; i++)
{
pt1.x=cvRandInt(&rng) % width3 - width;
pt1.y=cvRandInt(&rng) % height3 - height;
cvCircle( image, pt1, cvRandInt(&rng)%300, random_color(&rng),
cvRandInt(&rng)%10-1, line_type, 0 );
cvShowImage(wndname,image);
if(cvWaitKey(DELAY) >= 0) return 0;
}
for (i = 1; i< NUMBER; i++)
{
pt1.x=cvRandInt(&rng) % width3 - width;
pt1.y=cvRandInt(&rng) % height3 - height;
cvInitFont( &font, cvRandInt(&rng) % 8,
(cvRandInt(&rng)%100)*0.05+0.1, (cvRandInt(&rng)%100)*0.05+0.1,
(cvRandInt(&rng)%5)*0.1, cvRound(cvRandInt(&rng)%10), line_type );
cvPutText( image, "Testing text rendering!", pt1, &font, random_color(&rng));
cvShowImage(wndname,image);
if(cvWaitKey(DELAY) >= 0) return 0;
}
cvInitFont( &font, CV_FONT_HERSHEY_COMPLEX, 3, 3, 0.0, 5, line_type );
cvGetTextSize( "OpenCV forever!", &font, &text_size, &ymin );
pt1.x = (width - text_size.width)/2;
pt1.y = (height + text_size.height)/2;
image2 = cvCloneImage(image);
for( i = 0; i < 255; i++ )
{
cvSubS( image2, cvScalarAll(i), image, 0 );
cvPutText( image, "OpenCV forever!", pt1, &font, CV_RGB(255,i,i));
cvShowImage(wndname,image);
if(cvWaitKey(DELAY) >= 0) return 0;
}
// Wait for a key stroke; the same function arranges events processing
cvWaitKey(0);
cvReleaseImage(&image);
cvReleaseImage(&image2);
cvDestroyWindow(wndname);
return 0;
}
#ifdef _EiC
main(1,"drawing.c");
#endif
$ g++ `pkg-config opencv --libs --cflags opencv` drawing.c -o drawing
$ ./drawing
OK！