1、问题情况
在vmware中克隆一个虚拟机后，新的虚拟机网络无法使用，并用原操作系统中的网卡eth0在克隆出来的新系统中，网卡号变成了eth1，并且IP地址也丢失了，网络不可正常使用。
2、环境情况
3、克隆过程
将A机器关闭，在Vmware控制台上，右击虚拟机A机器（ol6-single），点击“clone”—“下一步“，按提示一步步完成克隆过程，克降后机器名称命名为：ol6_weblogic_1
4、原系统与克隆后系统网络配置差异对比
4.1、ifconfig网络接口输出情况对比
（1）原机器（ol6-single）网络接口配置情况：
[root@ol6-single ~]# ifconfig -a
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:5E:35:00
inet addr:192.168.1.150 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe5e:3500/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:114 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:81 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:12918 (12.6 KiB) TX bytes:15700 (15.3 KiB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)
（2）克隆后主机（ol6_weblogic_1）网络接口配置情况
[root@ol6_weblogic_1 ~]# ifconfig -a
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:3A:F2:8E
inet addr:192.168.91.133 Bcast:192.168.91.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe3a:f28e/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:114 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:22 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:1784 (1.7 KiB) TX bytes:4139 (4.0 KiB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
克隆过来后，原本的eth0变成了eth1，IP地址也丢失了，并用HWaddr的值发生改变了。
4.2、网络接口配置文件存在情况对比
A机器（原机器）
cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
[root@ol6-single network-scripts]# ls ifcfg-eth*
ifcfg-eth0
B机器（克隆后机器）
cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
[root@ol6-weblogic_1 network-scripts]# ls ifcfg-eth*
ifcfg-eth0
从上面对比结果看来，虽然克隆后的B机器从ifconfig –a上看到原来的eth0不见了，变成了eth1，但是，在/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts看到，B机器的网卡配置文件名称仍然叫eth0
4.3、网络设备绑定文件70-persistent-net.rules内容对比
A机器
（原机器）
# This file was automatically generated by the /lib/udev/write_net_rules
# program, run by the persistent-net-generator.rules rules file.
#
# You can modify it, as long as you keep each rule on a single
# line, and change only the value of the NAME= key.
# PCI device 0x8086:0x100f (e1000)
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:0c:29:5e:35:00", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth0"
B机器
（克隆后机器）
# This file was automatically generated by the /lib/udev/write_net_rules
# program, run by the persistent-net-generator.rules rules file.
#
# You can modify it, as long as you keep each rule on a single
# line, and change only the value of the NAME= key.
# PCI device 0x8086:0x100f (e1000)
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:0c:29:5e:35:00", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth0"
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:0c:29:3a:f2:8e", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth1"
从上面比较来看，克隆后的机器，/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules多出了一行配置，其NAME=“eth1”，MAC发生了变化，原有的NAME="eth0"一行内容仍在，且MAC地址也相同。
5、解决办法
5.1、修改克隆后机器（B机器）70-persistent-net.rules文件内容
对克隆后机器（B机器）/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules文件进行两步修改：
（1）将原NAME="eth0"行内容注释
（2）将NAME="eth1"行内容中的"eth1"修改成"eth0"
修改完成后内容如下：
# This file was automatically generated by the /lib/udev/write_net_rules
# program, run by the persistent-net-generator.rules rules file.
#
# You can modify it, as long as you keep each rule on a single
# line, and change only the value of the NAME= key.
# PCI device 0x8086:0x100f (e1000)
#SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:0c:29:5e:35:00", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth0"
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:0c:29:3a:f2:8e", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth0"
5.2、修改克隆后机器（B机器）的Mac地址与IP地址
[root@ol6_weblogic_1 network-scripts]# vi/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE="eth0"
HWADDR="00:0C:29:3a:f2:8e"
NM_CONTROLLED="yes"
ONBOOT="yes"
IPADDR=192.168.1.230
NETWORK=192.168.1.0
NETMAST=255.255.255.0
TYPE="Ethernet"
UUID="b1b9ac33-19ad-4bb3-ac6c-06d5a3fa7c5b"
特别注意：
修改的MAC地址，只能是与70-persistent-net.rules文件中ATTR{address}相同的地址
5.3、重启操作系统生效
经验证，重启网络服务（service network restart）方式，IP地址可以变化过来，但是网络接口名称修改不生效。
6、验证
[root@ol6_weblogic_1 ~]# ifconfig –a
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:3A:F2:8E
inet addr:192.168.1.230 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe3a:f28e/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:380 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:402 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:35506 (34.6 KiB) TX bytes:54463 (53.1 KiB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)
结果：eth1变回了eth0，并且IP地址为所设置的IP地址，网络已可正常使用。