Linux下一般使用sane做为扫描仪后端，安装如下：
sudo apt-get install sane sane-utils xsane
hua@node1:~$ sudo sane-find-scanner
# sane-find-scanner will now attempt to detect your scanner. If the
# result is different from what you expected, first make sure your
# scanner is powered up and properly connected to your computer.
# No SCSI scanners found. If you expected something different, make sure that
# you have loaded a kernel SCSI driver for your SCSI adapter.
found USB scanner (vendor=0x04a9 [Canon], product=0x1909 [CanoScan], chip=GL124) at libusb:003:005
# Your USB scanner was (probably) detected. It may or may not be supported by
# SANE. Try scanimage -L and read the backend's manpage.
# Not checking for parallel port scanners.
# Most Scanners connected to the parallel port or other proprietary ports
# can't be detected by this program.
hua@node1:~$ scanimage -L
device `genesys:libusb:003:005' is a Canon LiDE 110 flatbed scanner
hua@node1:~$ sudo usermod -a -G lp hua
但是这样会报错“failed to start scanner invalid argument xsane”， 这是因为一个Bug[3]，直接安装链接[2]中的包即可。
至于打印机后端一般有XSane, Simple Scan, Skanlite等，我使用的Siple Scan。
[1] http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-scan-image-commands/
[2] https://bugs.launchpad.net/~rolfbensch/+archive/ubuntu/sane-git/+build/9276637
[3] https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/sane-backends/+bug/1184699