前期导出命令：
[root@powerlong4 ~]# su - Oracle
[oracle@powerlong4 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=pt1;
[oracle@powerlong4 ~]$ expdp \'sys/systestpd as sysdba\' DIRECTORY=dir_dump_t3 FULL=YES DUMPFILE=expdpfull_pd_20150529_02.dmp
......
1，开始导入
先在实例2上建立管道目录：
[oracle@pttest4 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=pt2;
[oracle@pttest4 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Jun 3 21:22:43 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> CREATE OR REPLACE DIRECTORY dir_dump_t3 AS '/home/oracle/expdpimpdp/';
Directory created.
SQL>
开始导入全库备份集：
impdp \'sys/syspddev@pt2 as sysdba\' directory=dir_dump_t3 dumpfile=expdpfull_pd_20150529_02.dmp nologfile=y TABLE_EXISTS_ACTION=REPLACE
......
2，导入报错：
ORA-02374: conversion error loading table "puser"."RES_APPROVE_CONTENT"
ORA-12899: value too large for column CREATED_POSITION_CD (actual: 24, maximum: 20)
3，怀疑导入目标错误，验证：
[oracle@pttest4 admin]$ export ORACLE_SID=pt2;
[oracle@pttest4 admin]$
[oracle@pttest4 admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri May 29 21:06:27 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> select name from v$database;
NAME
------------------
pt2
SQL>
4，检查两者的编码
到出库实例库1：
SQL> SELECT * FROM V$NLS_PARAMETERS WHERE PARAMETER IN ('NLS_CHARACTERSET', 'NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET');
PARAMETER VALUE
--------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------
NLS_CHARACTERSET ZHS16GBK
NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET AL16UTF16
SQL>
到导入的库实例2库
SQL> SELECT * FROM V$NLS_PARAMETERS WHERE PARAMETER IN ('NLS_CHARACTERSET', 'NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET');
PARAMETER VALUE
--------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------
NLS_CHARACTERSET AL32UTF8
NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET AL16UTF16
SQL>
看到导出导入库实例1实例2的字符集不同，所以问题就在这里了
5，解决：
[oracle@pttest4 admin]$ export ORACLE_SID=pt2;
[oracle@pttest4 admin]$
[oracle@pttest4 admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri May 29 21:06:27 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL>
SQL>connect username/password as SYSDBA;
SQL>SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
SQL>STARTUP MOUNT;
SQL>ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;
SQL>ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;
SQL>ALTER SYSTEM SET AQ_TM_PROCESSES=0;
SQL>ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
SQL> ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK ;
ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK;
*ERROR at line 1:
ORA-12712: new character set must be a superset of old character set
报字符集不兼容，此时下INTERNAL_USE指令不对字符集超集进行检查：
SQL>ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET INTERNAL_USE ZHS16GBK;
SQL>SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
SQL>STARTUP;
6，再去检查两个实例的编码
[oracle@pttest4 expdpimpdp]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri May 29 21:32:12 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> select name from v$database;
NAME
---------
pt2
SQL>
SQL> SELECT * FROM V$NLS_PARAMETERS WHERE PARAMETER IN ('NLS_CHARACTERSET', 'NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET');
Warning: connection was lost and re-established
PARAMETER VALUE
--------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------
NLS_CHARACTERSET ZHS16GBK
NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET AL16UTF16
SQL>
导出实例上：
[oracle@pttest4 expdpimpdp]$ export ORACLE_SID=pt1;
[oracle@pttest4 expdpimpdp]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri May 29 21:32:50 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> select name from v$database;
NAME
---------
pt1
SQL> SELECT * FROM V$NLS_PARAMETERS WHERE PARAMETER IN ('NLS_CHARACTERSET', 'NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET');
PARAMETER VALUE
---------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------
NLS_CHARACTERSET ZHS16GBK
NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET AL16UTF16
SQL>
此时，两个实例上字符集一模一样了，保持一致。
7，重新导入impdp
[oracle@pttest4 admin]$ export ORACLE_SID=pt2;
[oracle@pttest4 admin]$ impdp \'sys/sysdevpd@pt2 as sysdba\' directory=dir_dump_t3 dumpfile=expdpfull_pd_20150529_02.dmp nologfile=y TABLE_EXISTS_ACTION=REPLACE
OK，一切正常，可以导入到实例2上面了。
Oracle 11g在Linux上建立第二个实例：http://www.linuxdiyf.com/linux/12395.html
Linux平台Oracle 11g单实例 安装部署配置 快速参考：http://www.linuxdiyf.com/linux/12166.html