搞了个电信的android手机，结果送了个sd卡有点问题，在windows下试了多种办法都不行，既不能修复，也不能低格，于是尝试在linux下格式化试试。
将sd卡插入读卡器，就自动挂载了，所以要先卸载。
$sudo -i
取得root权限
# mount
可以看到最后一行的设备号
/dev/mmcblk0 on /media/FCC8-85C1 type vfat(rw,nosuid,nodev,uhelper=udisks,uid=1000,gid=1000,shortname=mixed,dmask=0077,utf8=1,showexec,flush)
umount这个sd卡
# umount /dev/mmcblk0
然后使用fdisk工具
# fdisk /dev/mmcblk0
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's stronglyrecommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display unitsto
sectors (command 'u').
Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partitiontable
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
先P，可以看到sd卡的现在分为4个区。
然后d，删除原分区，之后再n，创建新分区。
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-4): 1
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-4): 2
Warning: partition 2 has emptytype
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-4): 3
Command (m for help): d
Selected partition 4
删除分区之后再查看一下
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/mmcblk0: 2057 MB, 2057306112 bytes
4 heads, 16 sectors/track, 62784 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 64 * 512 = 32768 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x6f20736b
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
新建分区
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-62784, default 1):
（回车）
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-62784, default62784):
（回车）
Using default value 62784
因为我只建立一个分区，所以在First cylinder (1-62784,default 1): 和Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-62784,default 62784):都不填写，直接回车
然后查看分区类型代码
Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list codes):L
0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris
1 FAT12 39 Plan 9 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
2 XENIX root 3c PartitionMagic 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
3 XENIX usr 40 Venix 80286 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
4 FAT16<32M 41 PPC PReP Boot 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx
5 Extended 42 SFS 86 NTFSvolume set da Non-FS data
6 FAT16 4d QNX4.x 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / .
7 HPFS/NTFS 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 88 Linuxplaintext de Dell Utility
8 AIX 4f QNX4.x3rd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt
9 AIX bootable 50 OnTrackDM 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access
a OS/2 Boot Manag 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O
b W95 FAT32 52 CP/M 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor
c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a0 IBM Thinkpadhi eb BeOS fs
e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a5 FreeBSD ee GPT
f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 55 EZ-Drive a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/
10 OPUS 56 GoldenBow a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b
11 Hidden FAT12 5c Priam Edisk a8 DarwinUFS f1 SpeedStor
12 Compaq diagnost 61 SpeedStor a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor
14 Hidden FAT16 <3 63 GNU HURD or Sys ab Darwin boot f2 DOSsecondary
16 Hidden FAT16 64 Novell Netware af HFS / HFS+ fb VMware VMFS
17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 65 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMwareVMKCORE
18 AST SmartSleep 70 DiskSecure Mult b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto
1b Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep
1c Hidden W95 FAT3 80 OldMinix be Solaris boot ff BBT
1e Hidden W95 FAT1
Hex code (type L to list codes):6
Changed system type of partition 1 to 6 (FAT16)
fat16为6,是我要的格式，所以Hex code (type L to list codes):后面填6,回车
最后保存分区表
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
WARNING: If you have created or modified any DOS 6.x
partitions, please see the fdisk manual page foradditional
information.
Syncing disks.
然后格式化分区
mkdosfs /dev/mmcblk0p1
完成~取出sd卡，再装进去，系统能够识别出来分区“2.1 GB SD 卡 驱动器: 2.1 GB文件系统”，希望可以用了。
最后确定还是卡坏了，这电信啊，送个kinston的卡，结果芯片厂商数据都读不出来，有点离谱了。
Linux下实现U盘、SD卡自动挂载功能：http://www.linuxdiyf.com/linux/14651.html
ubuntu 14.04下对SD卡识别问题解决：http://www.linuxdiyf.com/linux/14200.html
充分利用树莓派中的SD卡空间：http://www.linuxdiyf.com/linux/14569.html
【香蕉派Fedora系统设置】八、恢复SD卡的全部空间：http://www.linuxdiyf.com/linux/13302.html
如何在Ubuntu下使用TF/SD卡制作Exynos 4412 u-boot启动盘：http://www.linuxdiyf.com/linux/14220.html