FastDFS安装
FastDFS是一个国产开源的轻量级分布式文件系统,它对文件进行管理，功能包括:文件存储、文件同步、文件访问(文件上传、文件下载)等，解决了大容量存储和负载均衡的问题.特别适合以文件为载体的在线服务，如相册网站、视频网站等等。FastDFS服务端有两个角色:跟踪器(tracker)和存储节点(storage).跟踪器主要做调度工作,在访问上起负载均衡的作用。
整体网络配置
Tracker Server 192.168.127.11 /home/tracker 端口:22122
Storage1 Server 192.168.127.12 group1 /home/storage 端口:23000
Storage2 Server 192.168.127.13 group2 /home/storage 端口:23000
Storage3 Server 192.168.127.14 group2 /home/storage 端口:23000
#Storage2为group2的源服务器
注意：
1.group2同组的Storage2和Storage3 FastDFS服务端口必须一致: port=23000。
2.一台服务器可以装多个组(group)但不能装同组的多个Storage,日志会报错误，日志报错原因是"注意1"
3.Version 4.05之前fastdfs内部绑定了libevent作为http服务器.Version 4.05之后的版本删除了内置的web http服务，内置的web http服务是个累赘，不用也罢！
4.启动storage server时，一直处于僵死状态.启动storage server，storage将连接tracker server，如果连不上，将一直重试。直到连接成功，启动才算真正完成!如果集群中有2台tracker server，而其中一台tracker没有启动，可能会导致storage server一直处于僵死状态
系统操作环境的设置
#软件安装包存储:
/usr/local/src
/usr/local/fastdfs fastdfs安装目录
#基本目录列表:
#创建fastdfs用户
/usr/sbin/groupadd fastdfs
/usr/sbin/useradd -g fastdfs fastdfs
#创建存储数据目录
mkdir -p /home/fastdfs/tracker;#创建tracker目录保存运行日志
mkdir -p /home/fastdfs/storage;#创建Storage目录保存运行日志及其data数据 # source .bashrc
mkdir -p /home/fastdfs/client
常用操作命令
#调整防火墙的规则,开放端口:22122
iptables -I INPUT 5 -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 22122 -j ACCEPT
/etc/init.d/iptables save
#调整防火墙的规则,开放端口:23000
iptables -I INPUT 5 -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 23000 -j ACCEPT
/etc/init.d/iptables save
#启动tracker进程:
/etc/init.d/fdfs_trackerd start
#查看trackerd状态:
/etc/init.d/fdfs_trackerd status
#查看trackerd监听的端口:
netstat -plantu | grep tracker
#启动Storage进程:
/etc/init.d/fdfs_storaged start
#查看Storage进程:
ps -ef | grep storaged | grep -v grep
#查看Storage服务器状态:
/usr/local/bin/fdfs_monitor /etc/fdfs/storage.conf
#删除无效的Storage服务器:
#注:如果被删除的Storage服务器状态为ACTIVE的话(即仍然在线提供服务),删除无法完成.
/usr/local/bin/fdfs_monitor /etc/fdfs/client.conf delete group1 192.168.1.192
为方便查找目录,设置变量
################Tracker################
# vi .bashrc
alias worksrc='cd /usr/local/src;ls'
alias workfastdfs='cd /usr/local/fastdfs;ls'
alias worktracker='cd /home/fastdfs/tracker;ls'
#track启动 重启 停止
alias sertracker='service fdfs_trackerd'
配置生效
# source .bashrc
为方便查找目录,设置变量
################Storage################
# vi .bashrc
alias worksrc='cd /usr/local/src;ls'
alias workfastdfs='cd /usr/local/fastdfs;ls'
alias workstorage='cd /home/fastdfs/storage;ls'
alias workfastdfs='cd /usr/local/nginx;ls'
#storage启动 重启 停止
alias serstorage='service fdfs_storaged'
#nginx 启动 重启 停止
alias sernginx='service nginxd'
配置生效
# source .bashrc
1.安装libevent 和 fastdfs
首先安装libevent. fastdfs在编译源程序时fastdfs内部调用libevent的处理机制,,需要用到libevent一些依赖文件,否则编译fastdfs会
#卸载系统自带libevent,自带版本过低,安装fastdfs会出错
rpm -qa|grep libevent
# 或者
yum remove libevent*
#下载安装libevent
#worksrc;
wget http://cloud.github.com/downloads/libevent/libevent/libevent-2.0.19-stable.tar.gz;
tar -zxvf libevent-2.0.19-stable.tar.gz;
cd libevent-2.0.19-stable;
#make clean;
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libevent
make && make install;
#为libevent创建软链接到/lib库下，64位系统对应/lib64
ln -s /usr/local/libevent/lib/libevent-2.0.so.5 /usr/lib/libevent-2.0.so.5
ln -s /usr/local/libevent/lib/libevent-2.0.so.5 /usr/lib64/libevent-2.0.so.5
#命令汇总:
worksrc;wget http://cloud.github.com/downloads/libevent/libevent/libevent-2.0.19-stable.tar.gz;tar -zxvf libevent-2.0.19-stable.tar.gz;cd libevent-2.0.19-stable;make clean;./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libevent;make && make install;cd ../
安装fastdfs的步骤
#worksrc;
wget http://fastdfs.googlecode.com/files/FastDFS_v4.06.tar.gz
tar -zxvf FastDFS_v4.06.tar.gz
cd FastDFS
#由于定义/usr/local/fastdfs为fastdfs安装目录,所以需要修改make.sh
vim make.sh
TARGET_PREFIX=/usr/local 修改为 /usr/local/fastdfs
# sed -i 's:TARGET_PREFIX=.*:TARGET_PREFIX=/usr/local/fastdfs:g' make.sh
TARGET_CONF_PATH=/etc/fdfs 修改为 /usr/local/fastdfs/conf
# sed -i 's:TARGET_CONF_PATH=.*:TARGET_CONF_PATH=/usr/local/fastdfs/conf:g' make.sh
#安装
./make.sh C_INCLUDE_PATH=/usr/local/libevent/include LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/libevent/lib
./make.sh install
cp init.d/* /etc/init.d/
2.安装Tracker Server -192.168.127.11
引用上例中安装libevent 和 fastdfs步骤
配置及启动Tracker Server,端口:22122出错
#修改tracker.conf配置
vim /usr/local/fastdfs/conf/tracker.conf
# the tracker server port
port=22122
# the base path to store data and log files
base_path=/home/yuqing/fastdfs -> base_path=/home/fastdfs/tracker #日志目录
# sed -i 's:base_path=.*:base_path=/home/fastdfs/tracker:g' tracker.conf
reserved_storage_space = 4GB -> reserved_storage_space = 1GB
# sed -i 's:reserved_storage_space=.*:reserved_storage_space = 1GB:g' tracker.conf
#unix group name to run this program,
#not set (empty) means run by the group of current user
run_by_group= -> fastdfs
#unix username to run this program,
#not set (empty) means run by current user
run_by_user= -> fastdfs
#开启自定义server ID取代ip形式,方便内部网络服务器更换ip#**此方式要重点理解，4.0以后新特性
use_storage_id = true #使用server ID作为storage server标识
storage_ids_filename = storage_ids.conf #<id> <group_name> <ip_or_hostname>
id_type_in_filename = id #文件名反解析中包含server ID,以前是ip
设置Tracker Server 用户及组
chown -R fastdfs:fastdfs /home/fastdfs
Tracker Server脚本
vim /etc/init.d/fdfs_trackerd
# 使用 Vi 命令替换
%s/usr\/local/usr\/local\/fastdfs/g
%s/etc\/fdfs/usr\/local\/fastdfs\/conf/g
启动脚本
#增加x权限
chmod a+x /etc/init.d/fdfs_trackerd
#启动
/etc/init.d/fdfs_trackerd start
service fdfs_trackerd start
# base_path 附目录说明:
tracker server目录及文件结构：
${base_path}
|__data
| |__storage_groups.dat：存储分组信息
| |__storage_servers.dat：存储服务器列表
|__logs
|__trackerd.log：tracker server日志文件
启动成功，加入开机启动
vim /etc/rc.d/rc.local
service fdfs_trackerd start
#启动过程中出现的错误
./fdfs_trackerd: error while loading shared libraries: libevent-2.0.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
#解决办法
ln -s /usr/lib/libevent-2.0.so.5 /usr/lib64/libevent-2.0.so.5
是否启动成功，可以查看如下文件
vim /home/fastdfs/tracker/logs/trackerd.log
#[2012-08-26 19:01:30] INFO - FastDFS v4.06, base_path=/home/fastdfs/tracker, run_by_group=fastdfs, run_by_user=fastdfs, connect_timeout=30s, network_timeout=60s, port=22122, bind_addr=, max_connections=256, work_threads=4, store_lookup=2, store_group=, store_server=0, store_path=0, reserved_storage_space=10.00%, download_server=0, allow_ip_count=-1, sync_log_buff_interval=10s, check_active_interval=120s, thread_stack_size=64 KB, storage_ip_changed_auto_adjust=1, storage_sync_file_max_delay=86400s, storage_sync_file_max_time=300s, use_trunk_file=0, slot_min_size=256, slot_max_size=16 MB, trunk_file_size=64 MB, trunk_create_file_advance=0, trunk_create_file_time_base=02:00, trunk_create_file_interval=86400, trunk_create_file_space_threshold=20 GB, trunk_init_check_occupying=0, trunk_init_reload_from_binlog=0, use_storage_id=1, id_type_in_filename=id, storage_id_count=1, rotate_error_log=0, error_log_rotate_time=00:00, rotate_error_log_size=0, store_slave_file_use_link=0, use_connection_pool=1, g_connection_pool_max_idle_time=3600s
安装Storage Server -192.168.127.12
配置及启动存储服务(Storage Server)
引用上例中安装libevent 和 fastdfs步骤
修改storage.conf配置
vim /usr/local/fastdfs/conf/storage.conf
# the name of the group this storage server belongs to
group_name=group1
# the name of the group this storage server belongs to
# the storage server port #the storage server port
port=23000
# the base path to store data and log files #日志目录
base_path=/home/yuqing/fastdfs -> /home/fastdfs/storage
# store_path#, based 0, if store_path0 not exists, it's value is base_path #data数据存储目录
# the paths must be exist
store_path0=/home/fastdfs/storage
# tracker_server can ocur more than once, and tracker_server format is
# "host:port", host can be hostname or ip address
tracker_server=192.168.209.121:22122 ->192.168.127.11:22122
#unix group name to run this program,
#not set (empty) means run by the group of current user
run_by_group= -> fastdfs #这儿一定填写执行的用户名，不然会启动报错，测试环境填写的 root
#unix username to run this program,
#not set (empty) means run by current user
run_by_user= -> fastdfs #这儿一定填写执行的用户名，不然会启动报错，测试环境填写的 root
编辑fdfs_storaged启动脚本
vim /etc/init.d/fdfs_storaged
# 使用 Vi 命令替换
%s/usr\/local/usr\/local\/fastdfs/g
%s/etc\/fdfs/usr\/local\/fastdfs\/conf/g
#增加x权限
chmod a+x /etc/init.d/fdfs_storaged
#启动storage
/etc/init.d/fdfs_storaged start
service fdfs_storaged restart
#接下来会出现很多mkdir data path,这是系统在创建数据目录
data path: /home/fastdfs/storage/data, mkdir sub dir...
mkdir data path: 00 ...
mkdir data path: 01 ...
mkdir data path: 02 ...
mkdir data path: 03 ...
.......................
data path: /home/fastdfs/storage/data, mkdir sub dir done.
# base_path 附目录说明:
storage server目录及文件结构：
${base_path}
|__data
| |__storage_stat.dat：本地存储信息
| |__sync
| |__ binlog.000
| |__ binlog.index
|__logs
|__storaged.log：storage server日志文件
#启动成功，加入开机启动
vim /etc/rc.d/rc.local
service fdfs_storaged restart
Storage安装fastdfs-nginx-module模块，通过url访问
#创建相关用户和目录创建www用户和组
/usr/sbin/groupadd www
/usr/sbin/useradd -g www www
#创建nginx日志目录
mkdir -p /home/www/logs
chmod a+w /home/www/logs
chown -R www:www /home/www/logs
#安装nginx必需的库:gcc zlib-devel openssl-devel pcre
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ zlib-devel openssl-devel;
#手动安装pcre库,为了使nginx支持HTTP Rewrite 模块
tar -zxvf pcre-8.20.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.20/
./configure
make && make install
#安装基本nginx
tar -zxvf nginx-1.1.19.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.1.19/
./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module
make && make install
#--with-http_stub_status_module 用来监控nginx的当前状态
安装fastdfs-nginx-module插件
#worksrc;
wget http://fastdfs.googlecode.com/files/fastdfs-nginx-module_v1.15.tar.gz;
tar -zxvf fastdfs-nginx-module_v1.15.tar.gz;
#修改插件配置文件
vim /usr/local/src/fastdfs-nginx-module/src/config
ngx_addon_name=ngx_http_fastdfs_module
HTTP_MODULES="$HTTP_MODULES ngx_http_fastdfs_module"
NGX_ADDON_SRCS="$NGX_ADDON_SRCS $ngx_addon_dir/ngx_http_fastdfs_module.c"
CORE_INCS="$CORE_INCS /usr/local/fastdfs/include/fastdfs /usr/local/fastdfs/include/fastcommon/"
CORE_LIBS="$CORE_LIBS -L/usr/local/fastdfs/lib -lfastcommon -lfdfsclient"
CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 -DFDFS_OUTPUT_CHUNK_SIZE='256*1024' -DFDFS_MOD_CONF_FILENAME='\"/usr/local/fastdfs/conf/mod_fastdfs.conf\"'"
#复制mod_fastdfs.conf到/usr/local/fastdfs/conf/目录下
cp /usr/local/src/fastdfs-nginx-module/src/mod_fastdfs.conf /usr/local/fastdfs/conf/
上面编译时使用的动态链接库( 这块可以省略)
#将/usr/local/fastdfs/lib 加入系统文件/etc/ld.so.conf中
vim /etc/ld.so.conf
/usr/local/fastdfs/lib
#更新库文件缓存ld.so.cache
/sbin/ldconfig
修改mod_fastdfs.conf配置
vim /usr/local/fastdfs/conf/mod_fastdfs.conf
# the base path to store log files
base_path=/tmp
# if load FastDFS parameters from tracker server
# since V1.12
# default value is false
load_fdfs_parameters_from_tracker=true
# FastDFS tracker_server can ocur more than once, and tracker_server format is
# "host:port", host can be hostname or ip address
# valid only when load_fdfs_parameters_from_tracker is true
tracker_server=192.168.25.11:22122
# the port of the local storage server
# the default value is 23000
storage_server_port=23000
# the group name of the local storage server
group_name=group1
# if the url / uri including the group name
# set to false when uri like /M00/00/00/xxx
# set to true when uri like ${group_name}/M00/00/00/xxx, such as group1/M00/xxx
# default value is false
url_have_group_name = true
# path(disk or mount point) count, default value is 1
# must same as storage.conf
store_path_count=1
# store_path#, based 0, if store_path0 not exists, it's value is base_path
# the paths must be exist
# must same as storage.conf
store_path0=/home/fastdfs/storage
# set the log filename, such as /usr/local/apache2/logs/mod_fastdfs.log
# empty for output to stderr (apache and nginx error_log file)
log_filename=/home/www/logs/mod_fastdfs.log
nginx配置简洁版本
#vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
user www www;
worker_processes 2;
error_log /home/www/logs/error.log notice;
pid /home/www/logs/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 5120;
events {
use epoll;
worker_connections 5120;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 60;
tcp_nodelay on;
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location /group1/M00 {
alias /home/fastdfs/storage/data;
ngx_fastdfs_module;
}
}
}
#启动nginx
#脚本在《详细nginx安装步骤》
sernginx start
安装Storage Server -192.168.127.13
配置及启动存储服务(Storage Server)
引用上例中安装libevent 和 fastdfs步骤
修改storage.conf配置
vim /usr/local/fastdfs/conf/storage.conf
# the name of the group this storage server belongs to
group_name=group2
# the name of the group this storage server belongs to
# the storage server port #the storage server port
port=23000
# the base path to store data and log files #日志目录
base_path=/home/yuqing/fastdfs -> /home/fastdfs/storage
# store_path#, based 0, if store_path0 not exists, it's value is base_path #data数据存储目录
# the paths must be exist
store_path0=/home/fastdfs/storage
#unix group name to run this program,
#not set (empty) means run by the group of current user
run_by_group= -> fastdfs #这儿一定填写执行的用户名，不然会启动报错，测试环境填写的 root
#unix username to run this program,
#not set (empty) means run by current user
run_by_user= -> fastdfs #这儿一定填写执行的用户名，不然会启动报错，测试环境填写的 root
# tracker_server can ocur more than once, and tracker_server format is
# "host:port", host can be hostname or ip address
tracker_server=192.168.209.121:22122 -> tracker_server=192.168.127.11:22122
引用上例中’编辑启动脚本’步骤
启动storage
service fdfs_storaged restart
#接下来会出现很多mkdir data path,这是系统在创建数据目录
data path: /home/fastdfs/storage/data, mkdir sub dir...
mkdir data path: 00 ...
mkdir data path: 01 ...
mkdir data path: 02 ...
mkdir data path: 03 ...
.......................
data path: /home/fastdfs/storage/data, mkdir sub dir done.
Storage安装fastdfs-nginx-module模块，通过url访问
A> nginx安装
B> 安装fastdfs-nginx-module插件
#worksrc;
wget http://fastdfs.googlecode.com/files/fastdfs-nginx-module_v1.15.tar.gz;
tar -zxvf fastdfs-nginx-module_v1.15.tar.gz;
#修改插件配置文件
vim /usr/local/src/fastdfs-nginx-module/src/config
ngx_addon_name=ngx_http_fastdfs_module
HTTP_MODULES="$HTTP_MODULES ngx_http_fastdfs_module"
NGX_ADDON_SRCS="$NGX_ADDON_SRCS $ngx_addon_dir/ngx_http_fastdfs_module.c"
CORE_INCS="$CORE_INCS /usr/local/fastdfs/include/fastdfs /usr/local/fastdfs/include/fastcommon/"
CORE_LIBS="$CORE_LIBS -L/usr/local/fastdfs/lib -lfastcommon -lfdfsclient"
CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 -DFDFS_OUTPUT_CHUNK_SIZE='256*1024' -
DFDFS_MOD_CONF_FILENAME='\"/usr/local/fastdfs/conf/mod_fastdfs.conf\"'"
#复制mod_fastdfs.conf到/usr/local/fastdfs/conf/目录下
cp /usr/local/src/fastdfs-nginx-module/src/mod_fastdfs.conf /usr/local/fastdfs/conf/
上面编译时使用的动态链接库
#将/usr/local/fastdfs/lib 加入系统文件/etc/ld.so.conf中
vim /etc/ld.so.conf
/usr/local/fastdfs/lib
#更新库文件缓存ld.so.cache
/sbin/ldconfig
C> 编译fastdfs-nginx-module模块
cd nginx-1.1.19/;
./configure --add-module=/usr/local/src/fastdfs-nginx-module/src
make; make install;
修改mod_fastdfs.conf配置
vim /usr/local/fastdfs/conf/mod_fastdfs.conf
# the base path to store log files
base_path=/tmp
# if load FastDFS parameters from tracker server
# since V1.12
# default value is false
load_fdfs_parameters_from_tracker=true
# FastDFS tracker_server can ocur more than once, and tracker_server format is
# "host:port", host can be hostname or ip address
# valid only when load_fdfs_parameters_from_tracker is true
tracker_server=192.168.25.11:22122
# the port of the local storage server
# the default value is 23000
storage_server_port=23000
# the group name of the local storage server
group_name=group2
# if the url / uri including the group name
# set to false when uri like /M00/00/00/xxx
# set to true when uri like ${group_name}/M00/00/00/xxx, such as group1/M00/xxx
# default value is false
url_have_group_name = true
# path(disk or mount point) count, default value is 1
# must same as storage.conf
store_path_count=1
# store_path#, based 0, if store_path0 not exists, it's value is base_path
# the paths must be exist
# must same as storage.conf
store_path0=/home/fastdfs/storage
# set the log filename, such as /usr/local/apache2/logs/mod_fastdfs.log
# empty for output to stderr (apache and nginx error_log file)
log_filename=/home/www/logs/mod_fastdfs.log
nginx配置简洁版本
#vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
user www www;
worker_processes 2;
error_log /home/www/logs/error.log notice;
pid /home/www/logs/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 5120;
events {
use epoll;
worker_connections 5120;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 60;
tcp_nodelay on;
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location /group2/M00 {
alias /home/fastdfs/storage/data;
ngx_fastdfs_module;
}
}
}
#启动nginx
#脚本在《详细nginx安装步骤》
sernginx start
安装Storage Server -192.168.127.14
参考192.168.127.13安装，不同点就是192.168.127.13是group2的源服务，storage.conf配置不同，需要注意
3.测试及使用fastdfs-192.168.127.1
fastdfs之配置client
vim /usr/local/fastdfs/conf/client.conf
base_path=/home/yuqing/fastdfs-> base_path=/home/fastdfs/tracker
tracker_server=192.168.209.121:22122 -> tracker_server=192.168.127.11:22122
cd /usr/local/bin
vim aa.txt 增加内容:展示aa.txt文本数据 :wq
./fdfs_test /usr/local/fastdfs/conf/client.conf upload aa.txt
执行成功后会出现如下提示：
# ./fdfs_test /usr/local/fastdfs/conf/client.conf upload aa.txt
[2012-08-25 02:08:26] INFO - base_path=/home/fastdfs/tracker, connect_timeout=30, network_timeout=60, tracker_server_count=1, anti_steal_token=0, anti_steal_secret_key length=0
tracker_query_storage_store_list_without_group:
server 1. group_name=group2, ip_addr=192.168.127.13, port=23000
group_name=group2, ip_addr=192.168.127.6, port=23000
storage_upload_by_filename
group_name=group2, remote_filename=M00/00/00/wKh_BlA3wxql4hTXAAAAB8v-VvY710.txt
source ip address: 192.168.127.13
file timestamp=2012-08-25 02:08:26
file size=7
file crc32=3422443254
file url:
storage_upload_slave_by_filename
group_name=group2, remote_filename=M00/00/00/wKh_BlA3wxql4hTXAAAAB8v-VvY710_big.txt
source ip address: 192.168.127.6
file timestamp=2012-08-25 02:08:26
file size=7
file crc32=3422443254
file url:
测试下载文件
在浏览器中，输入上图中的url地址， tracker server会自动重定向到存储文件的storage server，文件下载成功。至此，已经成功搭建了fastdfs，编写你自己的client来进行访问吧：
展示aa.txt文本数据
常规命令范例:
#监控storage
/usr/local/fastdfs/bin/fdfs_monitor /usr/local/fastdfs/conf/storage.conf
#如果存在多个多个组，只需要监控其中一个组，就能调出所有组的状态
#删除组内服务器storage和查看各个组内服务器状态
/usr/local/fastdfs/bin/fdfs_monitor /usr/local/fastdfs/conf/client.conf delete group2 192.168.127.13
/usr/local/fastdfs/bin/fdfs_monitor /usr/local/fastdfs/conf/client.conf
storage server有7个状态，如下(数值从1~7)：
# FDFS_STORAGE_STATUS：INIT :初始化，尚未得到同步已有数据的源服务器
# FDFS_STORAGE_STATUS：WAIT_SYNC :等待同步，已得到同步已有数据的源服务器
# FDFS_STORAGE_STATUS：SYNCING :同步中
# FDFS_STORAGE_STATUS：DELETED :已删除，该服务器从本组中摘除
# FDFS_STORAGE_STATUS：OFFLINE :离线
# FDFS_STORAGE_STATUS：ONLINE :在线，尚不能提供服务
# FDFS_STORAGE_STATUS：ACTIVE :在线，可以提供服务
FastDFS原理
存储节点采用了分组（group）的方式。存储系统由一个或多个group组成，group与group之间的文件是相互独立的，所有group的文件容量累加就是整个存储系统中的文件容量。一个group可以由一台或多台存储服务器组成，一个group下的存储服务器中的文件都是相同的，group中的多台存储服务器起到了冗余备份和负载均衡的作用（一个组的存储容量为该组内存储服务器容量最小的那个，不同组的Storage server之间不会相互通信，同组内的Storage server之间会相互连接进行文件同步）。
在group中增加服务器时，同步已有的文件由系统自动完成，同步完成后，系统自动将新增服务器切换到线上提供服务。
当存储空间不足或即将耗尽时，可以动态添加group。只需要增加一台或多台服务器，并将它们配置为一个新的group，这样就扩大了存储系统的容量。
FastDFS只有两个角色：Tracker server和Storage server。Tracker server作为中心结点，其主要作用是负载均衡和调度。Tracker server在内存中记录分组和Storage server的状态等信息，不记录文件索引信息，占用的内存量很少。另外，客户端（应用）和Storage server访问Tracker server时，Tracker server扫描内存中的分组和Storage server信息，然后给出应答。由此可以看出Tracker server非常轻量化，不会成为系统瓶颈。
FastDFS中的Storage server在其他文件系统中通常称作Trunk server或Data server。Storage server直接利用OS的文件系统存储文件。FastDFS不会对文件进行分块存储，客户端上传的文件和Storage server上的文件一一对应（FastDFS中的文件标识分为两个部分：组名和文件名，二者缺一不可）
Ubuntu下FastDFS安装配置记录：http://www.linuxdiyf.com/linux/11530.html
Linux（CentOS 6.4_x86_64）搭建FastDFS文件服务器：http://www.linuxdiyf.com/linux/10588.html
FastDFS文件服务器服务器实现双机热备：http://www.linuxdiyf.com/linux/10581.html
Ubuntu安装FastDFS全程记录：http://www.linuxdiyf.com/linux/4350.html
CentOS 6.2下fastDFS的完整安装和配置步骤：http://www.linuxdiyf.com/linux/1259.html